Cross Breeds
Famous Race Horses Names Knowledge Base
This famous race horse named Secretariat? well the documentry movies have been to Seabiscuit to Ruffian......the other day I read in my horse mag. that sometime in 2008 a Secretariat movie was coming out. Have any of you heard this? Would this be a movie you'd want to see?
can you name some famous really good race horses? besides seabiscuit, and not mr ed.
what are some famous show jumping horses? there are countless of millions of famous race horses but i've never heard of famous show jumping horses. could anyone name a few (like five)? or atleast name the most famous one.
Name some Race Horses? I need help in this. Can anyone give me ATLEAST four names of famous race horses. Example: Man 'A' War and Ruffian.
What is the name of the US fighter jet squadron that names their aircraft after famous racehorses? Several years ago I read a magazine article about a fighter jet squadron that named it's planes after famous race horses and misplaced it. I have been unable to find any info on it since. Anybody got a clue as to what I'm talking about?
What are the names of some of history's most famous horses? I am not talking about great race horses, but rather horses such as Bucefalo/Bucephalus who belonged to Alexander the Great, or Rocinante who belonged to Don Quixote. Horses of historical or literary renown.
famous race horses? wat are soem famous race horses i know of Man 'O War , Seabiscuit , Big Brown(lost triple crown awhile ago so not that famous but could have become famous) , Red Rum and thats all wat are some other names?
where can i find pictures of horse racing silks fof famous horses? i am wanting a picture of horse racing silks that i can download and then change the colours for a friends wedding he wants the names of famous horses instead of table numbers or names
Does anyone know the current status of the famous race horse? who seriously injured his leg in the last race he ran, think his name is Barbaro or something similiar, He was on his way to a Triple Crown title, when he was hurt. Haven`t read of any updates recently. He was magnificant, hope he wasn`t put down.
what was that famous horses name? I know the movie had to do with the cowboy and the Paint horse racing against a whole bunch of people.. I'm getting a horse that looks just like him and i want to name her that . Please anyone? . YES(: the last two answers are right! .. Thanks guys!
What is the name of that famous racing horse? It's... secretarious, or secretariat or something like that. I need it for my poem for a writing class. XD The help is greatly appreciated!
What are some good horse names for a gelding appaloosa? hes a roan color and has white and silver specks all over him that look like sugar. and his mane and tail are silver/ I have another horse, shes a quarter horse and i named her Lady Jet after her grand father and great grandfather Easy Jet and Jet Deck, who were famous race horses who were murdered. I would like to use Jet in my new appaloosa's name. But i cant think of anything. I thought of the name Irish but that doesnt go good with jet. Any ideas?
Horse Names For Story? I'm Desperate! I know I've been asking this over and over but i really need a name for this horse.It is for the book i am writing. If you want to know the title of my book it is INVISIBLE. (By the way i would not like to see the answer "Garnet". That is the horse's name and I Do Not like that horse name. This is NOT my horse so please don't answer with "he's pretty" i just want some names please.) HORSE - chestnut Arabian Stallion with white stripe. He is fast, strong, and cute but he's also a caring horse with quite a personality. This boy is really playful and likes to mess around with his owner, Nicole. But when Nicole is said or angry he is always there to cheer her up. Picture - http://www.equusfarms.com/Garnet 3326.JPG NAMES - Please no registered Names. For those who don't know what that is, it is a long name that horses use when they are in shows or maybe racing. Example: Morning Dove. Stable Names are much appreciate. And I'd like a cute but powerful name for his personality and temperament. But i dont really want to see the same name over and over. And please no famous horse names. Thank you!! Thanks to Everyone Who Answered! (:
Have you ever met a famous person and found they're Jerks? Ye, I have My Dads, dads brother John Gosden the famous horse racing trainer or somethin. And A famous comedian bloke and some millionaire guy, don't know they're names, like 20 years ago. you?
Horse Quiz Time!!!? 1. What type of horses are these? (They are both the same breed) http://www.agraria.org/equini/akhalteke.jpg 2. What color of horse is this? http://www.flickr.com/photos/marenb/32662015/ 3. What's the name of this famous race horse? http://images.sportsnetwork.com/horse/getty/2006/derek_brother.jpg 4. Do horses eat things like grapes and oranges? 5. Witch saddle lets you keep contact with your horse? 6. What is the name the horse that broke his leg and died in the Kentucky Derby? 7. Do people eat horses? 8. Can you ride a horse bare back? 9. At what age does a horse have to be to start riding it? 10. How many things can scare horses?
Who are some of the most famous horse people today? I was wondering if you can tell me some famous horseback riding people. They can be in any category (racing, dressage,olympics etc...). can you tell me some female ones? Male ones? the horse names? some Canadian ones? and maybe Newfoundlanders (if there is any) some from anywhere in the world? Thank you :)
Answer these please.? 1) Name 4 famous horse races 2) Name 4 London train Stations 3) Name 4 types of tree that names only have 3 letters 4) Name 4 things that you have to but a ticket for 5) Name 4 types of cake 6) Name 4 things normally kept in a freezer 7) Name 4 weapons used in the game Cludo 8) Name 4 things you may find in an old wild west town 9) Name 4 things that have a filling 10) Name 4 things that people do up a ladder 11) Name 4 things that you would buy at a stationers 12) Name 4 English Queens
What should I name my Webkinz American Albino horse? ? I want to name her (it's a girl) after a famous racing horse. I already have one named Ruffian so that is taken. I also want the famous racing horse to be a filly or a mare. thx=)
What do you call a Blind Horse? hint: famous race horse; play on his name.
Kentuky Durby famous horse..forgot the name..? What happened to the famous horse form the Kentuky Durby Race?? Was he put to sleep?? I keep hearing about it, but never about what happened to him...
Man o' War, a donkey named Wisty and other horses in Heaven? A long time ago I read a short story in which the race horse Man 'o War had just arrived in heaven. He found there several other horses that had been the horses of famous generals that continuously argued over who was the greatest general. Standing alone and often being picked on by the other horses is a little donkey by the name of Wisty. In the end, the reader finds out that the donkey carried the Prince of Peace. Can anyone tell me the name of the story and the author please? Or maybe tell me a place that I can look for it?
In horse racing what does 24 starts winner mean? I have a 11 yr old TB That we recently found out he is a ex-racehorse. We looked up the tattoo on his lip and when to the site and all and it says he was a 24 starts winner. I don't know what that means. I don't know anything about horse racing expect I know he won one race that we could look around and find and he has some great blood lines ( he is 4th generation of Secretariat) and there are many more famous horses in there. Well I don't know what that's means and I couldn't find anything to help, so if you know please help me! :) Here is the bloodline chart so you can see all the info: http://www.equineline.com/Free-5X-Pedigree.cfm?page_state=ORDER_AND_CONFIRM&reference_number=4439857®istry=T&horse_name=Flying%20High%20Again&dam_name=Lil%20Merry%20Sunshine&foaling_year=1998&nicking_stats_indicator=Y
What's Barbaro's Brother's Name?!?!? PLEASE HELP!? My friend has already asked this on Yahoo Answers, but couldn't find anyone to help her. Does anyone know the name of Barbaro's, the famous race horse, younger brother?
who is explosive truth the race horse? was he famous or did he race well i know i have heard that name before and my friends horse is his son
Why did you get the type of dog(s) you have? Just wondering why everybody got the dog(s) you have. What made you get the specific breed, or mix, or whatever the case may be? Also, why did you name them what you did? Here's my reasoning for my dogs. Telly- Male Chihuahua-he was bought for my oldest daughter. She named him after a famous Thoroughbred race horse (Tell-Like) that my sister's boss owns. My daughter is in love with racing, and since Popite got it for her, she thought she would honor Popite by naming the dog after one of his horses. I brought the pup home while my daughter was away, to surprise her. He was in Texas at my sister's house, and I brought him to Arkansas. Haylee Bug-Female Black Lab-She was my neighbor's mistreated dog. She came to my house one day, my kids and I fell in love, so we asked if we could keep her. My oldest named her Haylee, Bug was added because my son's nickname is Bug, and she is his dog. I love Labs, had one when I was a kid, named Grizzly. he was the best dog I remember from my childhood. Grizzly-8 month male Lab- My neighbor had him and his two brothers, who unfortuantely later died from Parvo, poor things didn't stand a chance. Nothing anyone could do for them. Grizzly came up and was such a good dog, the neighbor gave him to us. Named him that because when he sleeps he sounds like a bear when he snores! Shakespeare--Male Black Lab, found him at work, he appeared to have been ran over, so I took him home and nursed him back to health and still have him. His name was Bear when I first brought him home, because he growls low and long, like a bear. My oldest renamed him Shakespeare, not too sure why. She loves to read, so maybe she read one of his plays. I have had other breeds, including the world famous Heinz 57, but Black Labs are my favorite. I don't really know if it is the friendly eyes and face, how they are so easy to teach to do things with the kids, or if it is just maybe that when one of the kids or even myself seem to need someone, they are always right there, no matter what. All my dogs have been, but the ones I have now, well, just seem so much more lovable. Also, I have 4 kids, so I need Dogs that can run and play with them. Which Haylee and Grizzly love to play with the kids, or go for walks while the kids ride their bikes. So I guess all of that is why. Why are people giving thumbs down on some of the answers?
What famous horse am I??? Guess the name of this famous horse..... 1. I am a Quarter Horse 2. I have won the World Barrel Racing Championship ten times. 3.First barrel horse to be inducted into the Pro Rodeo Hall of Fame. Good luck! First one to get it gets the points!
Looking for the name of a famous instrumental? the instrumental is fast paced and is very popular. I'm not sure how old it is, but I think it can be associated with horse racing or some type of racing.
Secretariat Coin And Photo Value Question? I have a Gold coin of the famous race horse Secretariat that is still in its case and is untouched. It has his head profile on one side along with his name on the upper left side and on the flip side is a picture of him running in the Belmont Stakes(the final race). And there is 2 of the horses he defeated in the background along with some of the stands where the onlookers could watch. And that side has "The Belmont Stakes" Printed across the bottom. As for the photo, it is cased in a well kept white with gold flip frame. On the front of the frame before you open it, it has ALL the printing in gold leaf. The first print is centered at the top and says, "Secretariat, Horse of the Year 1972". Then in the middle-left it has Printed exactly like this "Owned By..........Meadow Stable" and then on the Middle-right it has printed exactly like this "Trained By..........Lucien Laurin". And on the bottom centered it has "Eclipse Awards Dinner, Century Plaza Hotel, Los Angeles California, January 26, 1973" Then lastly in the very lower right corner it has printed in small font "Compliments Of: Daily Racing Form". On the inside (where the photo itself is located) there is an old photo of secretariat and who i believe to be Eddie Maple, the jockey who raced Secretariat in his last race. The photo is in full color and Eddie and Secretariat are walking alongside another horse and trainer leading them to the gates. Secretariat is in his green and white checkered mask and Eddie is in his green and white checkered jockey racing polo. There are even a few men standing in the background watching. You can see the warm up arena in the background and the stables. And lastly, there is a brand on the bottom right of the photo in gold leaf that says "Daily Racing Form" And it is Beautifully bordered in a gold leaf pattern and it has a small gold leaf Secretariat and Eddie in the center between Racing and Form. Can i have ANY opinions on what these may be worth. I tried to go into as much detail as i could to give you a good picture of what i have. Thank you for your responses.
Help with my horse please ? :)? i am selling my horse, and by tracing his bloodlines i have just realised he is directly descended from famous racing names such as War Admiral, Mill Reef and Northern Dancer to name a few. he is no longer in racing, has been fully retrained, and is being sold as a showjumper. will these bloodlines have any affect on the price though?
I need a show name! Help I need it soon for the next Show!!? Her barn name is Ghost beacuse she has a spot thats a ghost. hears a pic. but it dosent do the justice I whould like to add Bar beacuse she is related to 3 bars a famous race horse. It dosent need bars though she is a 5yr old mare. comment on the pic if u want its bad tho... http://www.flickr.com/photos/naturalequinephotography/3196005448/in/set-72157612543719708/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/naturalequinephotography/3196005942/in/set-72157612543719708/
Time for Famous Horse Who Am I? Lets see if you can get it with only 3 clues!? My grandsire won the English Triple Crown. I was sold at 2 after I ran six races and lost all. I was suppose to be a rabbit for my highly regarded stablemate during the Kentucky Derby but ended up winning! Good Luck! Please do not make a list of names.
Has anyone heard of Seattle Slew? Has anyone heard of Seattle Slew the famous race horse? He has won 3 Kentucky Derby's. If you have I have met 2 of his Grandchildren. One was nick named Player. His show name is Play the Best. And the other was nick named Missy and her show name was named Miss Prissy Slew. They were both found at a rescue in Washington. Missy was put to sleep about a year ago because her legs were giving her problems. and Player was adopted by his best friend. And as far as i know doing well. Before going to rescue Player was trained to early and now has a sway back. I am not to sure about Missy but she was meant for breeding purposes. Really i just wanted to know if anyone knows who Seattle Slew was.
hey! can u pleaz help me!? ok, where is a good site to see the names of every race horse that ever lived? famous or not famous. thank u soo much! i really wan't to see somthing!
What's the name of that FAMOUS classical song (description below)? Sorry to be kind of vague here. It sounds like it ought to be played at a horse race or something. I know I'll look like an idiot trying to explain the rhythm, but it's very fast and upbeat, played by violins/string instruments, and it goes... Da-na-na, Da-na-na, Da-na-na, Na, Na! (Except pretty fast) It's really famous. I think it's by Offenbach. I know I should know the title but it seems to have escaped me. And no, I don't have a YouTube link. I wish I did. >_<
who watches family fued and if so have you heard the answers? name something o blind person might use a sword name a bird with a long neck naomi campbell name an occupation where you need a torch a burglar name a famous brother and sister bonnie and clyde name a dangerous race the arabs name an item of clothing worn by the three musketeers a horse name something that floats in the bath water name sometthing you wear on the beach a deckchair name something red my cardigan name a famous cowboy buck rogers name a famous royal mail name something you have to memorize 7 name something you do before going to bed sleep name something you put on walls rooves name something in the garden thats green toolshed name something that flies that doesnt have an engine a bicycle with wings name something you might be allergic to skiing name a famous bridge the bridge over troubled waters name something a cat does goes to the toilet name something you do in the bathroom decorate 12 more to go
Is my horses pedigree good? hey, this is just for fun, but if anyone is familiar with good/famous racehorses, i'd love for you to check out my horses pedigree and tell me if it's good or not. I've looked up his racing name on the Jockey Club website but my computer wont let me download the 5X Pedigree, so could someone please look at it and tell me if it's a nice pedigree or not...i'd love to know. His tattoo number is E37763 and his name is Tea with Bahri...dad's name was Bahri and his mom's was good judgement or impressive judgement? i can't remember which....anyway, please get back to me if you can :)
Has anyone ever heard of this horse named Cougar Cat? I just visited the Bloodhorse forum and he was under the horses entering stud in 2009. He was sired by Stormcat out the late Excellent Meeting who died from foaling complications she was supposed to deliver a full sister to him. Can anyone tell me what races he won, and more about Excellent meeting? I know of Stormcat one of the most famous sires but never heard of her.
Family Fortunes - genuine answers given in the past? Old, but still pant-wettingly fun ny!! Name something a blind person might use - A sword Name a song with moon in the title - Blue Suede Moon Name a bird with a long neck - Naomi Campbell Name an occupation where you need a torch - A burglar Name a famous brother and sister - Bonnie & Clyde Name a dangerous race - The Arabs Name an item of clothing worn by the Three Musketeers - A horse Name something that floats in the bath - Water Name something you wear on the beach - A deckchair Name something Red - My cardigan Name a famous cowboy - Buck Rogers Name a famous royal - Mail Name a number you have to memorise - 7 Name something you do before going to bed - Sleep Name something you put on walls - Roofs Name something in the garden that's green - Shed Name something that flies that doesn't have an engine - A bicycle with wings Name something you might be allergic to - Skiing Name a famous bridge - The bridge over troubled waters Name something a cat does - Goes to the toilet Name something you do in the bathroom - Decorate Name an animal you might see at the zoo - A dog Name something associated with the police - Pigs Name a sign of the zodiac - April Name something slippery - A conman Name a kind of ache - Fillet 'O' Fish Name a food that can be brown or white - Potato Name a jacket potato topping - Jam Name a famous Scotsman - Jock Name another famous Scotsman - Vinnie Jones Name something with a hole in it - Window Name a non-living object with legs - Plant Name a domestic animal - Leopard Name a part of the body beginning with 'N' - Knee Name a way of cooking fish - Cod Name an occupation where you might need a torch - A burglar Name something you do in the bathroom - Decorate Name a type of large cat - Persian Name something you associate with crashing - Windows Name a type of record - A Floppy Disk Name something with a Red Light on it - A Dalek
Did the owner of 'She Sells Sea Shells' accomplish his/her mission? At a trotting meeting in NZ on Friday night, 'She Sells Sea Shells' won a race at Addington, and the judge, as he tried to read out her name, proved why it is indeed the first few words of a famous tongue twister as he made a complete mess of it. Wouldn't you hate to be a commentator of a race with a horse named 'She Sells Sea Shells'?
Racehorse name who died, think kieran fallon was jockey. Famous name, not Lincoln or Washington? It was in a big race, i thought it was Abraham Lincoln but is not. Is it Dylan Thoms, im not sure but the horse broke his leg and later died as a result.
Fun Horse Survey!!!!!? Im bored soo heres some ?'s about your horse(: 1) Name? 2) Breed? Gender? 3) Dicipline? 4) Age? 5) Color? 6)Height? 7)Any cute tricks? 8) How long have you had your horse? 9)How long have you been riding? 10)Markings? 11)Do you show? 12) Do you board your horse? Would You rather? Bareback or Saddle? Field or Ring? English or Western? Trail Riding or Showing? Warmblood or Stock Horse? Nylon Halter or Leather? Jumping or Barrel Racing? Horses or Ponies? Favorites: 1)Saddle brand? 2)Online Tack Shop? 3) Breed? If you..? 1) If you had won 10 thousand dollars what would you buy for your horse? 2) If you could meet any Famous equestrian rider who would it be? I was bored(:
does anyone know the answers to howrse level 10? 1 - Most American Mustangs reside on an HMA. What does HMA stand for? Herd Management Area Horse Management Area Horse Maintenance Area None of the Above 2 - Draft horses are the second strongest animals in the world, the first strongest being the elephant. True False 3 - What was the name of Roy Rogers’ famous Horse? Hidalgo Scout Silver Trigger 4 - What races comprise the Canadian Triple Crown? Prince of Wales Stakes Breeder’s Cup Queen’s Plate Breeder’s Stakes 5 - What part of the horse is the poll? The apex of the shoulder The lower part of the hind leg The part of the neck behind the horse’s ears The peak of the hindquarters 6 - Thoroughbreds are considered one year older on which two dates (one for the northern hemisphere, one for the southern)? August First January First May First October First 7 - What is a snip? A long straight marking down to the horse's nose A marking found high up between the eyes A broad marking down the front of the horse's face A small mark on the muzzle 8 - Seabiscuit was a famous Show Jumper. True False 9 - What is the oldest breed of horse? Mongolian Wild Horse Arabian Icelandic Spanish Barb 10 - The book "Black Beauty" played a significant role in the development of today’s animal welfare laws and regulations. True False i have the answers on my ec forum pm me at Preccygirl for the answers
Howrse Gallop 10 answers? 1 - The book "Black Beauty" played a significant role in the development of today’s animal welfare laws and regulations. True False 2 - What is the oldest breed of horse? Arabian Icelandic Spanish Barb Mongolian Wild Horse 3 - The mythical horse Shadowfax is from what famous series of novels? The Chronicles of Narnia The Dark Tower The Wheel of Time The Lord of the Rings 4 - Most American Mustangs reside on an HMA. What does HMA stand for? Herd Management Area Horse Management Area None of the Above Horse Maintenance Area 5 - Seabiscuit was a famous Show Jumper. True False 6 - What races comprise the Canadian Triple Crown? Prince of Wales Stakes Breeder’s Stakes Breeder’s Cup Queen’s Plate 7 - What was the name of Roy Rogers’ famous Horse? Silver Scout Trigger Hidalgo 8 - got answer 9- draft horses are the second strongest animals, elaphants being first True False 10- have answer
Can you answer these horse related questions? 1 - The book "Black Beauty" played a significant role in the development of today’s animal welfare laws and regulations. True False 2 - Seabiscuit was a famous Show Jumper. False True 3 - What part of the horse is the poll? The apex of the shoulder The lower part of the hind leg The part of the neck behind the horse’s ears The peak of the hindquarters 4 - What was the name of Roy Rogers’ famous Horse? Hidalgo Scout Trigger Silver 5 - A Hand is: multiple answers 4 inches 10 centimeters 6 inches 12 centimeters 6 - What races comprise the Canadian Triple Crown?multi. answers Breeder’s Cup Breeder’s Stakes Queen’s Plate Prince of Wales Stakes 7 - Draft horses are the second strongest animals in the world, the first strongest being the elephant. False True 8 - What is a snip? A small mark on the muzzle A broad marking down the front of the horse's face A long straight marking down to the horse's nose A marking found high up between the eyes 9 - Thoroughbreds are considered one year older on which two dates (one for the northern hemisphere, one for the southern)? multi answers May First October First January First August First 10 - What is the oldest breed of horse? Icelandic Spanish Barb Mongolian Wild Horse Arabian 10 pts for quickest correct answers I knew most of the answers, I just wanted to double check with people. I did use a search engine and it worked. Thanks everyone!
What is your dream horse? Just for fun :) If you could have any horse from the past, present or future. Is there a famous horse that you wish you owned? If not, what breed? Height? Discipline? Age? Color? Name? I would probably have Regret, since she was the first filly to win the Kentucky Derby. I think she is definitely a major horse in the horse racing history. I would probably also want Mine That Bird, as I was hoping and hoping he would win. As far as my "dream" horse goes, I already have her. 17.1hh Thoroughbred, Fleabitten Grey, Eventer, Dressage, H/J. But another horse I'd LOVE LOVE LOVE to have would be a Percheron x TB. Around 17-18hh, for dressage. I had a percheron before and I just love them :) But a percheron x TB would be the best :)
21.) This temple-lined street was a route for imperial processions in ancient Rome.? 21.) This temple-lined street was a route for imperial processions in ancient Rome. Via Sacra Forum Romanum Pantheon Temple of Castor and Pollux 22.) Rome was surrounded by _______. mountains, which provided protection from hostile invaders a large stone wall with towers and gates large moats to keep out invaders armed guards and soldiers 23.) Emperor Augustus built a memorial to peace, called _______. Emperor Trajan's Column Arch of Augustus Temple of the Vestal Virgins Altar of Peace 24.) The most important commodity of all in ancient Rome was probably _______. pepper oil rare spices wheat 25.) Roman builders developed and perfected the use of _______ as support in building construction. arches flying buttresses pillars vaults 26.) Roman steam baths were warmed by _______. Heated water piped under the floors A central furnace in the room Natural hotsprings Containers of hot stones constantly replenished by slaves 27.) Why did art have a religious significance to the Romans? All Roman art depicted Roman gods They worshipped their ancestors, so they considered portraits to be important relics In Rome, art was only used to decorate temples They believed that representations of people actually became receptacles of their souls 28.) How were Roman chariot races like horse races today? Races were begun by firing a starting pistol Fans idolized the horses and riders, riders were known by their colors and prize money was high Charioteers were called jockeys and were subject to the rules of jockey clubs Fans of various charioteers frequently betted on the outcome of the race 29.) The Colosseum was _______. a venue where chariot races took place a huge statue that stood with one foot on either bank of a river an ampitheater where sacrafices took place and gladiators fought an official bulding where the emperor met with the Roman senate 30.) The names of the months January, February, March, April, May, and June come from ________. cities in the Roman Empire Roman emperors Roman gods famous Roman generals 31.) A Roman fighter, who usually was a prisoner who was forced to fight, was called a _______. Latin swordsman emperor gladiator 32.) The Ancient Romans apoke ______. Latin Italian Greek French 33.) Which of these was NOT a popular form of entertainment in Rome/ chariot races gladiator fights plays bull fights 34.) In the year 177 AD a great general named Hadrian became emperor. He is famous for ______. making changes in the government defeating Antony in a sea battle off the coast of southwest Greece building a stone wall across northern Britain to keep out barbarian tribes defeating Hannibal at the palace of the King of Bithynia 35.) Which of the following items did the Romans give us? soap gasoline the 12 month calendar the clock 36.) In Rome an enormous stadium called the _______ was built to hold the chariot races. Super Dome Theater Colosseum Circus Maximus 37.) The forum was ______. the marketplace and business center in Rome Rome's field and track playground an ampitheater an enormous stadium built to hold gladiator fights 38.) Constantine became Christian: on his deathbed while growing up in the East in 313, when he passed the Edict of Milan immediately before the Battle of Rome 39.) Christianity's status under Constantine was: the new imperial cult tolerated but illegal the official state religion tolerated, patronized, and favored by the court 40.) The center of the Roman world was Asia Minor Britain the Mediterranean Sea Italy, Gaul, and Iberia 41.) Hinduism began around 3000 BC in the Indus Valley of Egypt. True False ---- ---- 42.) The Guru is a very important teacher in Hinduism. True False ---- ---- 43.) For most of its modern history, India was under the rule of the British Empire. True False ---- ---- 44.) Mahatma Gandhi believed India would gain independence frm Britain only through a bloody, violent revolution. True False ---- ---- 45.) China was never very isolated from the other great civilizations of the world. True False ---- ---- 46.) Elderly people have traditionally been treaded with great respect in China. True False ---- ---- 47.) What happened in China in 1949? The Ming Dynasty collapsed Mao Zedong established Communist rule Chaing Kai-shek's forces repulsed a Japanese invasion None of the above 48.) What two languages are Chinese characters used to write? Mandarin and Cantonese Chinese and Kor
Horse Racing Mystery Book for Teens? I am trying to find a book that I loved as a teen. It was a mystery involving horse racing. There was a girl that was an exercise rider and suspected that the farm owner's pleasure horse was actually a famous racehorse that had supposedly died. I believe the horse's name was American Express. If anyone has any idea what the name of the book is I would greatly appreciate it. I read it in the middle 90's. So it may have been published anywehre from the late 80's to early 90's.
can you answer these? 10 pts BA? 1 - The book "Black Beauty" played a significant role in the development of today’s animal welfare laws and regulations. True False 2 - Seabiscuit was a famous Show Jumper. False True 3 - What part of the horse is the poll? The apex of the shoulder The lower part of the hind leg The part of the neck behind the horse’s ears The peak of the hindquarters 4 - What was the name of Roy Rogers’ famous Horse? Hidalgo Scout Trigger Silver 5 - A Hand is: multiple answers 4 inches 10 centimeters 6 inches 12 centimeters 6 - What races comprise the Canadian Triple Crown?multi. answers Breeder’s Cup Breeder’s Stakes Queen’s Plate Prince of Wales Stakes 7 - Draft horses are the second strongest animals in the world, the first strongest being the elephant. False True 8 - What is a snip? A small mark on the muzzle A broad marking down the front of the horse's face A long straight marking down to the horse's nose A marking found high up between the eyes 9 - Thoroughbreds are considered one year older on which two dates (one for the northern hemisphere, one for the southern)? multi answers May First October First January First August First 10 - What is the oldest breed of horse? Icelandic Spanish Barb Mongolian Wild Horse Arabian I accidently put in other pets Category first the ones that say multi answers have more than one answer 1 - The book "Black Beauty" played a significant role in the development of today’s animal welfare laws and regulations. True False 3 - What part of the horse is the poll? The apex of the shoulder The peak of the hindquarters The lower part of the hind leg The part of the neck behind the horse’s ears 4 - What was the name of Roy Rogers’ famous Horse? Hidalgo Scout Trigger Silver 6 - What races comprise the Canadian Triple Crown? Breeder’s Stakes Prince of Wales Stakes Breeder’s Cup Queen’s Plate 7 - Draft horses are the second strongest animals in the world, the first strongest being the elephant. True False 9 - Thoroughbreds are considered one year older on which two dates (one for the northern hemisphere, one for the southern)? October First August First May First January First 10 - What is the oldest breed of horse? Arabian Icelandic Spanish Barb Mongolian Wild Horse
vegas themed name for a mare?(updated)? my friend just got a new horse and wants a vegas like name. her race name was wealthy mistress...so we want something that is vegas style,or promiscuous. maybe a famous show girl or something like that... we just need a barn name... thanks a bunch! and sorry but i cant upload a pic. also she is a barrel racer. SHE ONLY WANTS ONE NAME,NOT TWO OR THREE OR A SENTENCE... EXAMPLE: RED HOT BEAUTY....WE DON'T WANT THAT, WE WANT THINGS LIKE, STAR CUPID ROGUE; THINGS LIKE THAT PLEASE.THANKS
Help! Significant figures question!? Perhaps the most famous horse race ever run in the United States was the 1938 race between two thoroughbreds named War Admiral and Seabiscuit. Seabiscuit, who stood only 15 hands high, won the race. The length unit called a "hand", which is used to measure horses, is exactly 4 inches. How tall was Seabiscuit in centimeters? Significant figures matter! Please help with this question! Thanks!
is THE SAT TIPSTER COMP STARTING THIS SAT ? yes it is but to be honest it nearly wasnt . it was Jacqui (mysilv) that sort of changed my mind with her talented charm. this post is just to clear a few teething problems we have had over the years. firstly its not my comp and iam putting this comp up to offer to anybody that would like to run it ? maybe you dont agree with the usual rules or the way its run ? well this is your chance to have your say or even have a go at running it. if nobody comes forward then i will (try) run it till our usual deadline Grand national day. the rules are going to stay the same but i would like to add one that Mysilv has suggested , ALTERATIONS, you must NOT delete any selections you have posted . you MAY add alterations before the deadline ONLY if you post the time your alteration was made. anyone abuseing this rule will have all points(mysilvs words) deducted and shall start back from 0. so thats the only new rule and maybe best to mention the NAP as most ppl get confused > if your nap is a non runner then ur reserve becomes your nap. here are some of the emails ive received over the years so ive put them into a Q+A form. WHY IS IT CALLED DES"ES COMP ? well its not my comp its just me that runs it most of the time. and i believe the person that puts most of the effort in should have a say on the rules. if you had to put a name to it then it should be called loansharks comp or previous winners such as kinglou,, tommy2cans,,or steve r . WHY DONT YOU POST WINNER AND UPTODATE TABLE SUNDAY MORNING ? because most some players use the late night sat wolverhamton card for selections so most times on a sat nite ive gone out to boogie the night away and on a sunday (early) morning i play golf then dinner and 4pm watch the footy followed by family visits so sorry but sorting the comp out on a sunday morning is not in my shedule . if anyone wud like to post the winner on a sunday ur welcome . WHY DID YOU REMOVE ME OFF THE TABLE? one of my pet hates is "part timers " those ppl that come and go ,, those that play inconsistantly once or twice a month and dont get me wrong im not talking about ppl who go on holiday . part timers produce more work for me and make the table become too big i welcome new players but part timers will be removed and poss ignored. WHY DID I ONLY GET 1 POINT WHEN MY HORSE WON 15/8 ? the most popular question i get !!! sorry i dont split over evens and less than 2/1 = its time consuming ,, somtimes confusing and is prone to mistakes so sorry my rule. WHY CANT I SELECT USA OR GERMAN RACING ? sorry again its time consuming and confusing with odds and time zone issues . we have players who live in california and melbourne and used to have a guy from thailand and they understand its eng and ire only . WHY IS THE DEADLINE SO STRICT ? sorry but its only fair to everyone that we stick to a set time which is ALWAYS 30mins before the first race in either england + ire we go by my clock and no one elses late enties are void . ITS THE JUMPS COMP SO CAN I SELECT AW ? yes just because we have finished the the flat comp dont mean its jumps only . you may select what ever is running that sat . CAN I SELECT 2 HORSES IN THE SAME RACE ? a famous question in which i personally took alot of critisim for when i only decided to use this rule when the majority of players insisted on it . we lost players over this fiasco and and i must give a pat on the back to the players it involved. but NO . sorry one selection per race unless your reserve is in the same race thats fine. WHAT HAPPENS IF I CANT FIND THE QUESTION ? if this ever happens then i would like to think somebody will post the question up dnt worry about the table that can be updated easily . alternatively you may post your selections in the form of a question only if my question fails or does not appear. without going into my endless list of emails i cant remmember what other questions ive had apart from HAS ANYBODY EVER WON THIS COMP TWICE ? so answer to you steve r is dream on boy . i can also see tommy2cans licking his lips . ok please use this question to air your views i shall leave it open till next week but the new comp starts this saturday possibly posted late thur or early friday and goodluck to regulars and wellcome newbies. des. update 1500 thursday. thanks sam u will do well over the jumps jenny thanks am glad u enjoy it . mysilv thanks jacxx i shall be posting comp up first thing friday morning xxx steve r well 3 timer ? er i will dance in the nak on trafalgar square and kiss john macrilick on the lips even if you ever win it twice nevermind 3 times !!!!!!! oh and steve like you iam english and proud of it and also like you i live in england cos i love it and wud never desert my country . see you all sat morning who will hit the top of the table first ????? probly rob4ever tradesman ive sent you an email .
Vegas themed name for a red mare? my friend just got a new horse and wants a vegas like her race name was wealthy mistress...so we want something that is vegas style,or promiscuous. maybe a famous show girl or something like that... we just need a barn name... thanks a bunch! and sorry but i cant upload a pic. also she is a barrel racer. SHE ONLY WANTS ONE NAME,NOT TWO OR THREE OR A SENTENCE... EXAMPLE: RED HOT BEAUTY....WE DON'T WANT THAT, WE WANT THINGS LIKE, STAR CUPID ROGUE; THINGS LIKE THAT PLEASE.THANKS
vegas theme name for a red mare? my friend just got a new horse and wants a vegas like her race name was wealthy mistress...so we want something that is vegas style,or promiscuous. maybe a famous show girl or something like that... we just need a barn name... thanks a bunch! and sorry but i cant upload a pic. also she is a barrel racer. SHE ONLY WANTS ONE NAME,NOT TWO OR THREE OR A SENTENCE... EXAMPLE: RED HOT BEAUTY....WE DONT WANT THAT, WE WANT THINGS LIKE, STAR CUPID ROGUE; THINGS LIKE THAT PLEASE.THANKS
Howrse Level 10 ?'s.? 1 - Seabiscuit was a famous Show Jumper. * False * True 2 - What is a snip? * A long straight marking down to the horse's nose * A small mark on the muzzle * A broad marking down the front of the horse's face * A marking found high up between the eyes 3 - What was the name of Roy Rogers’ famous Horse? * Scout * Hidalgo * Trigger * Silver 4 - The book "Black Beauty" played a significant role in the development of today’s animal welfare laws and regulations. * False * True 5 - What races comprise the Canadian Triple Crown? * Breeder’s Stakes * Breeder’s Cup * Prince of Wales Stakes * Queen’s Plate 6 - What part of the horse is the poll? * The peak of the hindquarters * The apex of the shoulder * The part of the neck behind the horse’s ears * The lower part of the hind leg 7 - Thoroughbreds are considered one year older on which two dates (one for the northern hemisphere, one for the southern
What is the name of a movie that deals with a little girl and a black horse? It had something to do with the black horse I think the horse was a Friesian horse but some how ended up out in the wild and these people have been trying to capture to take it back to their ranch i think but the horse was so famous that there was this man who kept trying to steal it but couldn't until the end when the girl was suppose to race with him (horse) the man actually got him until she chanced them and stole it back and the only thing they could do was barrel race because of the race had already started can anyone help me figure out the name of the movie please? By the It's "NOT" Black Beauty nor any of the Black Stallion... I think they named him Koda.. something like that idk.. Sorry I'm looking and the cover has like a white horse.
Quiz 437. can you answer these use of the web is okay, that is what it's there for? ? 1.Fort Sumter in 1861 saw the first hostilities of which war? 2.Which horse race takes place on the first Saturday in May at Churchill Downs near Louisville in the USA? 3.“It’s a Kind of Magic.” And “Who wants to Live Forever.” Queen hits on the soundtrack of which movie? 4.In what way did Billy Bishop of Canada, Rene Fonck of France, Edward Mannock of Britain and Eddie Rickenbacker of the USA make their names in World War One? 5.On which English moor is the famous Jamaica Inn, long associated with smugglers, made famous in a story by Daphne du Maurier?
Hi, I'm from Spain. Can you help me,please? Can you correct the grammar of this writting, please? Last week I was in Italy. During the flight we could see the snowy mountains and the green landscapes. We arrived to the airport of Bolonia about half past three and from there we took the bus. In Bolonia we saw the Neptune fountain and the others sculpture from the Renaissance in the Piazza Maggiore and in the Basilica of Saint Petronio. From Bolonia we went to Florencia where we visited the Baptistery and the Duomo Cathedral of Florencia that it had a wonderful stained glass windows and their ceiling and domes were covered by painting. In addition we saw the Fontana of Neptune and others more Renaissance sculpture. And we saw the famous David of Miguel Angel, an enormous and great monument. In Siena, we went up to the highest point of the town and from there we took beautiful panoramic photos. The Tower of Mangia standed out for its high and it large Cathedral. Then we visited the Piazza di campagna, where they celebrate the typical horse race the medieval. One in 2 July in honour to the Virgen of provenzano (“Palo provenzano”), And another race in 16 August in honour to the Virgin Assunta (“Palo della l´Assunta”). We saw the fountain Gaia made of white marble and the face of Duomo with fresh of Pinturicchio. The weather in Italy was quite good. However, there were three days that it was raining but also there were three days that it was sunny. We also stood at the medieval village of Gimignano with a well in the main square. The village had high towers and very green landscapes. It was the place that I loved it. From there we travel to Rome and we visit the Fontana di Trevi. The next day we went to Pompeya and we saw the famous volcano, Vesubio and the grave town by the ashes. There were petrified bodies by the ashes of Vesubio. The street were irregular and it wasn´t easy to walk by them We returned to Rome and we stayed at the Piazza di Espagna and there we started to sing the “Macarena” and another songs with the English tourists It was amazing and extremely funny. What’s more the next day we visit the Basilicas, Saint Maria Maggiore (Piazza of Popolo), Saint Pablo and Saint Pietro. We also visit the Capilla Sixtina, the Vaticano museum with its spiral stair case and the Pieta of Miguel Angel. What’s more we saw the Castel Saint Angelo where there were a lot of statues of angels. In the afternoon we visit the Partenon. The next day we stood in Pisa and we took the typical pictures with the tilt tower. In the end we took the plane to come back home. In conclusion, I definitely want to go back one day ,it’s worth it. ******************************************************************************* If you have more ideas or you think that I have to change something, please tell me I'll be grateful to hear it. P.D: "Fresh" is a kind of picture of art but I don't know its name in english. Thanks for all.
Describe a moment of dissapointment in your life (similar to the discovery that Santa isn't real)? Mine is I was always, always reading books on horses. Big Red, Seabiscuit, you name it. I would get caught up in the descriptions of the races: "Man o' War was coming in close on the inside; now he was a length away from the finish line; he won!" I especially wanted to go see the Kentucky Derby. A family friend of ours when I was little was from Kentucky, and I thought she was very lucky for living in the state that held such a famous derby. Then came the day that I realized many people came to the Kentucky Derby NOT because they were caught up in how beautiful the horses were, or how amazing the race was, but to....bet.
Could Xena and Gabrielle (From Xena Warrior Princess) be based on these characters in mythology? "Do you Agree that Xena could be based on these characters from Greek mythology: > Bellona - roman goddess of war, > Atalanta - huntress and athlete, > Diana - goddess of the moon and a huntress, > Artemis - the virgin huntress - but only the huntress part applies to > Xena. > Themis - goddess of law and justice. > Nemesis - goddess of retribution. > Nike (Victoria) - goddess of victory. > Penthesilea - Queen of the Amazons. > There was a Goddess called Polyxena - she was put to death by Achilles > ghost. I got that info from the link below http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.tv/msg/a5a78c34910d75a8?q=achilles+greek+mythology&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&rnum=41 Could she also be based on this charater: Ixion is a fundamental character in Greek mythology. The most complete account of Ixion's tale comes from Pindar in his Pythian Odes. Ixion was the son the Phlegyas, descendent of Ares, and king of the Lapiths in Thessaly. He is significant in many respects, but is chiefly known as the first human to shed kindred blood. This occurred when Ixion invited his father-in-law, Deioneus, to come and collect the price that Ixion owed him for his bride. Upon his arrival, Deioneus fell into a pit filled with burning coals Ixion had camouflaged. Because this was a crime new to the human race, nobody could purify Ixion and he wandered an exile. Zeus took pity on him and decided not only to purify Ixion, but to invite him to Olympus as a guest. Once in Olympus though, Ixion became so enamored of Hera, and he desired to sleep with her. Zeus did not believe that Ixion would be so disrespectful as to have designs upon the wife of his host. To see if the rumors were true, Zeus made an image of Hera out of a cloud, and impregnated it. The cloud bore Ixion the monster Centaurus, who was unloved by the Graces and had no honor among men or the gods. Centaurus then mated with the mares of Mt. Pelion in Magnesia, and so from Ixion the race of centaurs was born. To punish him, Zeus bound Ixion to a winged (sometimes flaming) wheel, which revolved in the air in all directions. Also, by order of the gods, Ixion was forced to call out continuously call out: "You should show gratitude to your benefactor." Ixion became one of the more famous sinners on display on Tartarus, and most writers mention him when describing the place. For example, Ovid wrote of him, and Vergil, with his moralistic interpretation of how sin should be punished, awards Ixion a special mention in the Aenead. The focus of Ixion's mythology on the guest/host relationship shows the venerable age of Ixion's story. Of all the attributes Zeus became associated with, he was originally particularly worried that the custom of Xenia, the formal institution of friendship that ensured traveling archaic Greeks could count on each other for safety in antiquity, be enforced (for more on this in all the Greek world see Powell 150; the importance of the guest/host relationship is fundamental to all world mythology, take the Biblical story of Sodom and Gommorah, for example). Aeschylus remembered Ixion's role as the purified progenitor of blood guilt in the Euminides. Athena, before she will hear Orestes' case refers to him as Ixion, an allusion Orestes balks at and tries to convince her is false (Euminides. 450-455). Pirithous, king of the Lapiths, good friend of Theseus, and important in later myth, is considered to be one of Ixion's children. There is another claimant to Pirithous' paternity though. Zeus, in the Iliad 14. 317-318, claims to have seduced Dia, Ixion's wife, and fathered Pirithous. I got that info from this link: http://www.pantheon.org/articles/i/ixion.html Xena could be based on that character because the name sounds simalar. Could Gabrielle be based on this character: There is only one character from myth, fable, or history that relates to Gabrielle, Xena's faithful sidekick. The name Gabrielle is the female version of the name Gabriel, which literally means man of Godâ in Hebrew. Gabriel is an archangel used in several different religious stories. Here is a brief synopsis of those involving Gabriel: In the Old Testament Gabriel explained visions to Daniel, announced to Zacharias the future birth of John the Baptist, and appeared to Mary, the mother of Jesus. Gabriel was also commonly known as the angel of death, prince of fire and thunder, and most frequently God's messenger. In the New Testament Gabriel is one of 3 angels associated with the term 'Flaming Angel.' In Revelation, the last chapter professing the end of the world, this is the angel which had power over fire. In Islam Gabriel is often identified with the angle Ruh meaning breath, one of three angels sent to gather seven handfuls of dirt used to create Adam. These angles were unsuccessful in their mission because the earth foresaw human rebellion against Allah. He was also sent by Allah to kill the serpent Sakatimuna which he successfully cut in two. This tale is usually associated with an eclipse. In the Talmud Gabriel destroyed hosts of Sennacherib, showed Joseph the way, and was one of the angels who buried Moses. In the Koran Gabriel took Mohammed to heaven to reveal 'prophetic love'. Known as Jibril, He is credited with dictating the perfect copy in heaven to the earthly copy of the Koran. According to the sources listed below, Gabriel has a horse named Haizum and the archangel is sometimes associated with a trumpet and good news. Now what this has to do with the character Gabrielle? Who knows, but it is interesting. That info can from this link: http://www.xenafan.com/fiction/reference/xenagab.html Please tell me your opinions.
Could Xena and Gabrielle From Xena Warrior Princess be based on these character from Mythology? "Do you Agree that Xena could be based on these characters from Greek mythology: > Bellona - roman goddess of war, > Atalanta - huntress and athlete, > Diana - goddess of the moon and a huntress, > Artemis - the virgin huntress - but only the huntress part applies to > Xena. > Themis - goddess of law and justice. > Nemesis - goddess of retribution. > Nike (Victoria) - goddess of victory. > Penthesilea - Queen of the Amazons. > There was a Goddess called Polyxena - she was put to death by Achilles > ghost. I got that info from the link below http://groups.google.com/group/rec.arts.tv/msg/a5a78c34910d75a8?q=achilles+greek+mythology&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&rnum=41 Could she also be based on this charater: Ixion is a fundamental character in Greek mythology. The most complete account of Ixion's tale comes from Pindar in his Pythian Odes. Ixion was the son the Phlegyas, descendent of Ares, and king of the Lapiths in Thessaly. He is significant in many respects, but is chiefly known as the first human to shed kindred blood. This occurred when Ixion invited his father-in-law, Deioneus, to come and collect the price that Ixion owed him for his bride. Upon his arrival, Deioneus fell into a pit filled with burning coals Ixion had camouflaged. Because this was a crime new to the human race, nobody could purify Ixion and he wandered an exile. Zeus took pity on him and decided not only to purify Ixion, but to invite him to Olympus as a guest. Once in Olympus though, Ixion became so enamored of Hera, and he desired to sleep with her. Zeus did not believe that Ixion would be so disrespectful as to have designs upon the wife of his host. To see if the rumors were true, Zeus made an image of Hera out of a cloud, and impregnated it. The cloud bore Ixion the monster Centaurus, who was unloved by the Graces and had no honor among men or the gods. Centaurus then mated with the mares of Mt. Pelion in Magnesia, and so from Ixion the race of centaurs was born. To punish him, Zeus bound Ixion to a winged (sometimes flaming) wheel, which revolved in the air in all directions. Also, by order of the gods, Ixion was forced to call out continuously call out: "You should show gratitude to your benefactor." Ixion became one of the more famous sinners on display on Tartarus, and most writers mention him when describing the place. For example, Ovid wrote of him, and Vergil, with his moralistic interpretation of how sin should be punished, awards Ixion a special mention in the Aenead. The focus of Ixion's mythology on the guest/host relationship shows the venerable age of Ixion's story. Of all the attributes Zeus became associated with, he was originally particularly worried that the custom of Xenia, the formal institution of friendship that ensured traveling archaic Greeks could count on each other for safety in antiquity, be enforced (for more on this in all the Greek world see Powell 150; the importance of the guest/host relationship is fundamental to all world mythology, take the Biblical story of Sodom and Gommorah, for example). Aeschylus remembered Ixion's role as the purified progenitor of blood guilt in the Euminides. Athena, before she will hear Orestes' case refers to him as Ixion, an allusion Orestes balks at and tries to convince her is false (Euminides. 450-455). Pirithous, king of the Lapiths, good friend of Theseus, and important in later myth, is considered to be one of Ixion's children. There is another claimant to Pirithous' paternity though. Zeus, in the Iliad 14. 317-318, claims to have seduced Dia, Ixion's wife, and fathered Pirithous. I got that info from this link: http://www.pantheon.org/articles/i/ixion.html Xena could be based on that character because the name sounds simalar. Could Gabrielle be based on this character: There is only one character from myth, fable, or history that relates to Gabrielle, Xena's faithful sidekick. The name Gabrielle is the female version of the name Gabriel, which literally means man of Godâ in Hebrew. Gabriel is an archangel used in several different religious stories. Here is a brief synopsis of those involving Gabriel: In the Old Testament Gabriel explained visions to Daniel, announced to Zacharias the future birth of John the Baptist, and appeared to Mary, the mother of Jesus. Gabriel was also commonly known as the angel of death, prince of fire and thunder, and most frequently God's messenger. In the New Testament Gabriel is one of 3 angels associated with the term 'Flaming Angel.' In Revelation, the last chapter professing the end of the world, this is the angel which had power over fire. In Islam Gabriel is often identified with the angle Ruh meaning breath, one of three angels sent to gather seven handfuls of dirt used to create Adam. These angles were unsuccessful in their mission because the earth foresaw human rebellion against Allah. He was also sent by Allah to kill the serpent Sakatimuna which he successfully cut in two. This tale is usually associated with an eclipse. In the Talmud Gabriel destroyed hosts of Sennacherib, showed Joseph the way, and was one of the angels who buried Moses. In the Koran Gabriel took Mohammed to heaven to reveal 'prophetic love'. Known as Jibril, He is credited with dictating the perfect copy in heaven to the earthly copy of the Koran. According to the sources listed below, Gabriel has a horse named Haizum and the archangel is sometimes associated with a trumpet and good news. Now what this has to do with the character Gabrielle? Who knows, but it is interesting. That info can from this link: http://www.xenafan.com/fiction/reference/xenagab.html Please tell me your opinions.
Can anybody top these? Family Fortunes, ITV Something a blind man might use? A Sword A Song with the word Moon in the title? Blue Suede Moon Name the Capital of France? F Name a bird with a long Neck? Naomi Campbell Name an occupation where you might need a torch? A burglar Where is the Taj Mahal? Opposite the Dental Hospital What is Hitlers first name? Heil A famous Scotsman? Jock Some famous brothers? Bonnie and Clyde A dangerous race? The Arabs Something that floats in a bath? Water An item of clothing worn by the Three Musketeers? A horse Something you wear on a beach? A deckchair A famous Royal? Mail Something that flies that doesn't have an engine? A bicycle with wings A famous bridge? The Bridge Over Troubled Waters Something a cat does ? Goes to the Toilet Something you do in the bathroom? Decorate A method of securing your home? Put the kettle on Something associated with pigs? The Police A sign of the Zodiac? April Something people might be allergic to? Skiing Something you do before you go to bed? Sleep Something you put on walls? A roof Something Slippery? A conman A kind of ache? A fillet of fish A Jacket Potato topping? Jam A food that can be brown or white? potato Something sold by gypsies? Bananas Something Red? My sweater
Anyone know the name of this piece (again)? Ok so I butchered my last question, here it is more clearly...and with notes! I know its going to sound retarded trying to explain it on here. It starts off with like trumpets and light brass, and its sounds kind of like horses getting ready to race, or white water rafting or something. It goes like Brrrrump badabamp diddle diddle diddle diddle doogee..... (xylophone) Ping pong! (brass) daga diddle doogee diddle dumb... repeat LOL So yeah..any ideas? It's really famous and in a few commercials..but I forget which ones. Notes (Heavy Brass)E...............E.......E...E..... B..C#..E..C#..B..G#.. F#....E....G#.....B..... (Xylo)High G#...E (Brass) B....A....G#...E...F#.... A...G#...E...E YES THATS IT THANKS BRO
Gahhh whats the name of this symphony piece!!?!!?!? I know its going to sound retarded trying to explain it on here. It starts off with like trumpets and light brass, and its sounds kind of like horses getting ready to race, or white water rafting or something. It goes like Brrrrump badabamp diddle diddle diddle diddle doogee..... (xylophone) Ping pong! (brass) daga diddle doogee diddle dumb... repeat LOL So yeah..any ideas? It's really famous and in a few commercials..but I forget which ones. Sorry I meant that the brass plays the first part, then the xylo plays the ping pong, then brass again. If it helps, i busted out a keyboard and the notes are as follows: (Heavy Brass)E...............E.......E...E.....B..C#..E..C#..B..G#..F#....E....G#.....B..... (Xylo)High G#....C....E...(Brass) B....A....G#...E...F#....A...G#...E...E Brrrrump badabamp diddle diddle diddle diddle doogee..... (xylophone) Ping pong! (brass) daga diddle doogee diddle dumb... repeat Actually I'm not sure about the notes after the xylo.. (Heavy Brass)E...............E.......E...E.....B..C#..E..C#..B..G#..F#....E....G#.....B.....(Xylo)High G#....C....E...(Brass)B....A....G#...E...F#....A...G#...E...E Brrrrump badabamp diddle diddle diddle diddle doogee..... (xylophone) Ping pong! (brass) daga diddle doogee diddle dumb... repeat Actually I'm not sure about the notes after the xylo.. (Heavy Brass)E...............E.......E...E..... B..C#..E..C#..B..G#.. F#....E....G#.....B..... (Xylo)High G#....C....E...( Brass) B....A....G#...E...F#.... A...G#...E...E Actually I'm not sure about the notes after the xylo.. Sorry I messed up the notes. THESE ARE THE REAL NOTES LOL (Heavy Brass)E...............E.......E...E..... B..C#..E..C#..B..G#.. F#....E....G#.....B..... (Xylo)High G#...E (Brass) B....A....G#...E...F#.... A...G#...E...E
Hilarious Family Fortunes responses? For those that don't know Family Fortunes is a British quiz show where researchers ask 100 members of the public questions and the contestants have to work out what the most popular answers were for each question. Here are some of the contestants answers... FAMILY FORTUNES 1 ) Something a blind man might use? - A Sword 2 ) A song with the word Moon in the title? - Blue Suede Moon 3 ) Name the capital of France ? - F 4 ) Name a bird with a long Neck? - Naomi Campbell 5 ) Name an occupation where you might need a torch? - A burglar 6 ) Where is the Taj Mahal? - Opposite the Dental Hospital 7 ) What is Hitler 's first name? - Heil 8 ) A famous Scotsman? - Jock 9 ) Some famous brothers? - Bonnie and Clyde . 10 ) A dangerous race? - The Arabs 11 ) Something that floats in a bath? - Water 12 ) An item of clothing worn by the Three Musketeers? - A horse 13 ) Something you wear on a beach? - A deckchair 14 ) A famous Royal? - Mail 15 ) Something that flies that doesn't have an engine? - A bicycle with wings 16 ) A famous bridge? - The Bridge Over Troubled Waters 17 ) Something a cat does? - Goes to the toilet 18 ) Something you do in the bathroom? - Decorate 19 ) A method of securing your home? - Put the kettle on 20 ) Something associated with pigs? - The Police 21 ) A sign of the Zodiac? - April 22 ) Something people might be allergic to? - Skiing 23 ) Something you do before you go to bed? - Sleep 24 ) Something you put on walls? - A roof 25 ) Something slippery? - A conman 26 ) A kind of ache? - A fillet of fish 27 ) A jacket potato topping? - Jam 28 ) A food that can be brown or white? - A potato 29 ) Something sold by gypsies? - Bananas 30 ) Something red? - My sweater
Some British Strange Questions What did Queen Victoria ban from her funeral? The colour black - instructing mourners to wear white. Even the weather obliged - the ground was covered with snow. How much money is made a day in the Bank of England and Royal Mint? The Bank of England produces £26,731,450 a day in banknotes. The Royal Mint is responsible for producing coins, and issues 4.1 million new coins per day. Where is the centre of England? A survey in 2002 by the Ordnance Survey pinpointed Lindley Hall Farm, near Fenny Drayton, Leics, as being at the centre of England. Historically, Meriden in the West Midlands claimed this title. Why isn't the Rotherhithe tunnel under the Thames in London straight? It was built with bends so that horses would not be able to see the light at the other end and bolt for the exit. ANIMAL WORLDI have been told that banana trees can walk - is this true? They can move up to 15 cm per year. This is because they have no central root, but lateral roots which grow and move towards the sun. What do you call a group of bears? A sleuth of bears. There are packs or routs of wolves and murders or storytellings of crows. Why does a swarm of midges not get knocked to the ground when it's raining? A falling raindrop creates a tiny pressure wave ahead of it as it falls. This wave pushes the midge sideways and the drop misses it. Scroll down for more... The difference between lettuce and humans is less than you might think If bees died out, what would be the result? All life on Earth would die within an estimated four years. Most food crops rely on bees to pollinate them, so if bees die out, so do humans. SHOWBIZWho was the original Pretty Woman? Roy Orbison's wife, Claudette. Asked once if she needed cash to go out, a friend said: "A pretty woman never needs any money." What name did Daryl Walters write under? Enid Blyton - best known for the Famous Five and Secret Seven series. She died in 1968 at the age of 71. Is it true that Paul McCartney stopped it raining at a concert? Yes. He hired three jets, at a cost of £28,000, to spray dry ice in the clouds above a concert at St Petersburg's Palace Square, thus preventing rain. What was unusual about the rain in the 1952 film Singing In The Rain? The rain was water mixed with milk. The crew did this so the raindrops and puddles would show up on film. What does "tardis" in Dr Who mean? The model of TARDIS is an obsolete Type 40 TT capsule. TARDIS stands for "Time And Relative Dimensions In Space". FOOD How many varieties does Heinz have? Henry Heinz adopted the slogan '57 Varieties' because he liked the numbers 5 and 7. Including divisions and subsidiaries, they actually have around 1,300. What is the name of the bumps on a raspberry? Druplets. The raspberry is not a berry but an aggregate fruit of numerous drupelets around a central core. HUMAN WORLDYou will produce 121 pints of this in your life - what is it? Tears. The average person will also eat 10,000 chocolate bars and have 7,163 baths. Is it true that women have twice as many pain receptors on their bodies than men? Yes. Women have (on average) 34 nerve fibres per square cm of facial skin compared with just 17 for men. Are there any countries in the world that don't have McDonald's fast-food restaurants? There are none in Greenland, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, most of the Middle East, Guyana, Papua New Guinea, Burma, Vietnam and most of Africa. After Neil Armstrong said "that's one small step for Man, one giant leap for mankind", what were his next words? He continued: "Yes, the surface is fine and powdery. I can kick it up loosely with my toe." Who made the first mobile phone call in Britain? Comedian Ernie Wise was chosen to make the call by mobile phone operator Vodafone on January 1, 1985. From the middle of London's St Katharine's Dock, he phoned Vodafone's headquarters at Newbury, Berks. Which are the top four biggest employers in the world in terms of staff? Walmart (2.4 million people), the Chinese Army (2.3 million), the Indian State Railways (1.5 million) and the NHS (1.4 million). Who was born in 1959 and couldn't bend her legs for the first six years of her life, has a brother called Todd and two sisters? Barbie, the famous doll, was "born" in 1959, couldn't bend her legs until 1965, has a brother called Todd, and no, she has five sisters. How much money will the average person in the UK spend in their lifetime? Men will spend £1,717,118 and women just £1,363,729. Of that, £286,311 goes to the taxman. What caused 73 accidents in Britain in 2002? Toothpaste tubes. Surprisingly, 823 accidents are caused by letters and envelopes. How many miles does the average woman walk in her lifetime while vacuumcleaning? 7,300 miles. Men only walk an average of 850 miles. SPORTWhat do John Lennon and Gary Lineker have in common? Both were given the middle name Winston - after Churchill. Lineker also shares a birthday with Churchill on November 30. WORDSWhat is the weirdest pub name? Poosie Nansie's in Ayrshire, but there are many: Sally Up Steps in Bolton; Donkey On Fire in Ramsgate; Oxnoble in Manchester; Who'd A Thowt It in Berkshire; Tafarn Sinc in Carmarthenshire, and the shortest - Q in Stalybridge. In rhyming slang, a Douglas Hurd is a third-class degree at university, and a Desmond Tutu is a 2:2, but what is a 2:1 in slang? In degree rhyming slang a 2:1 is known as Attila (the Hun) or Don (Juan). A 1st is Geoff (Hurst) or Damien (Hirst), while a 3rd is also known as a Thora (Hird). Why do people say "cobblers" when they believe something isn't true? The expression "cobblers", meaning nonsense or rubbish, derives from "cobbler's awls", Cockney rhyming slang for "balls". Why is New York the Big Apple? The name first appeared in the 1920s as horses were rewarded with apples on its many race tracks. A 1971 official tourism campaign first used the expression. Where does the term "purple patch" originate? The phrase, describing a period of success and good form, derives from Roman times, when only noblemen could afford purple dyes and cloth. WORLD TRIVIAWhere is Europe's largest roundabout? The Arc de Triomphe in Paris - which is the meeting point of 12 avenues. No vehicle insurance policy is valid on it. How long would it take to walk to China and back? The distance London-Beijing is 5,070 miles, so it's a 10,140-mile round trip. Walking speed 4mph; 2,535 hours' walking time; eight hours' walking per day: 316.8 days. What is the most expensive liquid in the world? Scorpion venom - used in medical research and which costs £1,038 for a 0.2ml sample (that's £5,302,725 per litre). AND FINALLYGive me three statistics that will wow my friends. • 76 people die each year playing Twister. • Linda McCartney sold more veggie meals than husband Paul sold records. • Humans share a third of their DNA with lettuce
Need some latin help in this work? 3.18 Ludi Use the translation below to: ·answer comprehension questions about the story ·translate one of the paragraphs Ludi * Post ludum*, et Sextus* et pueri ad Circum Maximum et ad Colosseum ambulaverunt. Ad Circum Maximum quadrigas* spectaverunt. In amphiteatro*, Colosseo, aut servi aut captivi pugnabant, viri cum viris, viri cum animalibus (guess! abl. pl.), animalia (nom. pl) cum animalibus. Pueri multas (many) pugnas, etiam mortes (deaths, acc. pl.), in arena videbant (they saw, imperfect). In multis (many) oppidis Romanis et provinciis, erant amphiteatra*. Multi (many) gladiatores (nom.pl.) erant de Thracia* et de Gallia*; in amphiteatris gladiis pugnabant. Praemia gladiatorum (gen. pl, of the gladiators) erant pecunia, fama, libertas (freedom, nom. sing.) et otium. Servus clarus (famous) Spartacus* in arena Capuae* pugnabat; tum bellum in Romanos incitavit. Mors (death, nom. sing.) fuit pretium factorum (of the deeds). Romani ludos et gladiatores (acc. pl) amabant. Colosseum erat et est signum Romae, tunc et nunc. *ludus = game or school (great word!) *Sextus = a boy's name *quadriga = four horse chariot *amphitheatrum, -i, n = amphitheater, oval arena *Thracia = an ancient country in SE Europe on the Balkan peninsula *Gallia = the Roman name for modern France *magister ludi - the master of the games, or master of ceremonies *Spartacus = famous Roman gladiator (Great movie!) *Capua = a Italian town Each question is worth 2 points except #4, which is worth 12 points. 1.Who “ambulaverunt ad Circum Maximum et ad Colosseum”? 2.Where would you find animal fights? 3.Where would you find chariot races? 4.Translate the 2nd paragraph In multis (many) oppidis Romanis et provinciis, erant amphiteatra*. Multi (many) gladiatores (nom.pl.) erant de Thracia* et de Gallia*; in amphiteatris gladiis pugnabant. (Remember a gladius is not a gladiator!) Praemia gladiatorum (gen. pl, of the gladiators) erant pecunia, fama, libertas (freedom, nom. sing.) et otium. 5.What was Spartacus? 6.What did Spartacus incite? 7.What was the outcome of his actions against Rome for him? 8.Define ludos in this translation. 9.What is and was the Colosseum according to this Latin sentence, "Colosseum erat et est signum Romae, tunc et nunc."? When were the first gladiatorial games? Name three types of gladiators.
Questions And Answers About The 2010 Winter Olympics? As you know, Vancouver will host the 2010 Winter Olympics. Here are some questions people from all over the world are asking. Believe it or not, these questions about Canada were posted on an International Tourism Website. Obviously the answers are a joke; but the questions were really asked! Q: I have never seen it warm on Canadian TV, so how do the plants grow?(England ) A. We import all plants fully grown and then just sit around and watch them die. Q: Will I be able to see Polar Bears in the street? ( USA ) A: Depends on how much you've been drinking. Q: I want to walk from Vancouver to Toronto, can I follow the Railroad tracks? ( Sweden ) A: Sure, it's only Four thousand miles, take lots of water Q: Is it safe to run around in the bushes in Canada ? ( Sweden ) A: So it's true what they say about Swedes. Q: It is imperative that I find the names and addresses of places to contact for a stuffed Beaver. ( Italy ) A: Let's not touch this one. Q: Are there any ATM's (cash machines) in Canada ? Can you send me a list of them in Toronto , Vancouver , Edmonton and Halifax ? ( England ) A: When did your last slave die? Q: Can you give me some information about hippo racing in Canada ? ( USA) A: A-fri-ca is the big triangle shaped continent south of Europe. Ca-na-da is that big country to your North...oh forget it. Sure, the hippo racing is every Tuesday night in Calgary . Come naked. Q: Which direction is North in Canada ? ( USA ) A: Face south and then turn 180 degrees Contact us when you get here and we'll send the rest of the directions. Q: Can I bring cutlery into Canada ?( England ) A: Why? Just use your fingers like we do. Q: Can you send me the ViennaBoys' Choir schedule? ( USA ) A: Aus-tri-a is that quaint little country bordering Ger-man-y, which is...oh forget it. Sure, the Vienna Boys Choir plays every Tuesday night in Vancouver and in Calgary , right after the hippo races. Come naked. Q: Do you have perfume in Canada ? ( Germany ) A: No, WE don't stink. Q: I have developed a new product that is the fountain of youth. Can you sell it in Canada ? ( USA ) A: Anywhere significant numbers of Americans gather. Q: Can you tell me the regions in British Columbia where the female population is smaller than the male population? ( Italy ) A: Yes, gay nightclubs. Q: Do you celebrate Thanksgiving in Canada ? ( USA ) A: Only at Thanksgiving. Q: Are there supermarkets in Toronto and is milk available all year round?( Germany ) A: No, we are a peaceful civilization of Vegan hunter/gatherers. Milk is illegal. Q: I have a question about a famous animal in Canada , but I forget its name. It's a kind of big horse with horns. (USA ) A: It's called a Moose. They are tall and very violent, eating the brains of anyone walking close to them. You can scare them off by spraying yourself with human urine before you go out walking. Q: Will I be able to speak English most places I go? ( USA ) A: Yes, but you will have to learn it first.
What is the colonized mindset? The colonised mindset: The enemy within the African communities. SendMeYourNews Jul 23, 2006 07:12 PDT =+= Get on TheBlackList: http://www.topica.com/lists/TheBlackList "Men who are in earnest are not afraid of consequences", Marcus Garvey. =+= ----- Original Message ----- From: Cheryl Sanchez mailto:sanchez-@hotmail.com To: sendmey-@earthlink.net Sent: Sunday, July 23, 2006 8:48 AM The colonised mindset: The enemy within the African communities. The writer is going to put forward an argument that unless the slave/colonial mindset is recognised as the active enemy, within the African communities world-wide, attempts to understand the social and economic problems will be useless. This mindset has been affecting the individual/family /organisations/community and nations alike. From an early age, adults have been referring to people as having "being colonial or slave minded" in a most benign way. It as if having this mindset is like having a flue. You treat the symptoms and eventually, it should go away, if the immune system is acute and alert. In reality, it is the most virulent psychological condition prevalent amongst African communities. The damage is too enormous to consider in this essay. It has and is still destroying from individuals to revolutions to states eg Patrice Lumumba-Congo, Thomas Sankara-Bukina Faso, Walter Rodney-Guyana, Cabral, Malcolm X and Bantu S Biko to name a few. When foreign money, the lust for power and the colonial mindset met-destruction is sure to follow. Mineral rich DRC remains the most tragic example today. Also Angola before the timely death of Savimbi, " Washington's kept man". Failure to confront and systematically deal with this enemy is equivalent to failure to live and or thrive. HISTORY The disastrous effects of slavery and colonialism on the physical aspect of the Africans in the Americas, the Caribbean and on mainland Africa have been well documented by a host of European and African-American historians including Basil D Davidson, Walter Rodney and Professor Jeffries. Few writers have focused on the debilitating effects of the mindset on the emotions and the psychology as Carter G Woodson( 1875-1950)was probably a pioneer when he addressed this condition in his book - The Mis-Education of the Negro. Later, Dr Na'im Akbar painstakingly outlined the psychological effects in his book- Chains and Images of psychological slavery. Professor Joy Leary recently attempted to put the psychological trauma concept in the public domain during a recent lecture tour in London but, few Africans wanted to even contemplate this concept as an explanation for some of their behaviour towards each other. It is of paramount importance to understand the disastrous reality of the sate accurately described by Woodson and take action to treat it. "When you control a man's thinking you do not have to worry about his actions. You do not have to tell him not to stand there or go yonder. He or she will find his "proper place" and will stay in it. You do not need to send him to the back door. He will go without being told. In fact, if there is no back door, he will cut one for his special benefit. His education makes it necessary". Woodson showed a lot of foresight in his early detection of the destructive side of the slave/colonial mindset. It is a pity that, most Pastors and self-appointed "community" leaders do not recommend this book to the many families who come through their doors. They do not even bothered with a plan of action to treat this mindset. Examples This mindset certainly has a blindfolding effect eg African girls aspiring to be like their "blonde Barbie dolls". African men dream of marrying "a Barbie doll" type of woman as soon as they arrive in Europe and or UK/USA/Canada, so as not to have "too black" children. Michael Jackson's obsession with his costly body- altering project. It also causes US Africans/Afrikans to focus on the body, material gadgets, short cuts. The physical environment of the homes is often out of balance with the people who inhabit the space. Their homes always have a blonde type Jesus on the walls but no other famous Africans like Bantu Biko, Thomas Sankara etc. The African educationalist and parents both on the mainland, Caribbean and the Americas have avoided including or making the early and middle years curricula more relevant to our developmental needs. This opportunity to change our course of history is missed again and again. At organisational level, colonise minded but the super qualified committee members are often afraid to put decolonisation strategy and or Pan-Africanism into the constitution of their organisation. This also affects the type of name or identity they take on. Eg the NAACP-The National Association for the Advancement of "Coloured" people. One would have thought that aparthedist South-Africa racial policies would have caused this organisation to re-think it's chosen but, they not change from NAACP to NAAAP. One could only guess when you start your organisation with white liberals/ or jews in leadership roles, the de-colonisation agenda never became a priority for this organisation. The OAS/AU is no different. It has been in existence for over 50 years and still cannot bring itself to be known as a Pan-Africanist organisation thus, it remains a toothless nationalistic organisation. Even when organisations put Pan-Africanism at the forefront eg PAC in South-African, the de-colonisation process and project, which is necessary for health and longevity of the organisation is not a priority either. Well meaning or naïve activists continue to take a gamble by hoping against hope that, a few committed and reliable people could suddenly change 400 years of psychological damage facing the African worldwide. Things could have been different if, the PAC was able to capture the interest and support of the majority of the 24 million native South-Africans and their rands, to keep the movement financially buoyant and turn it into a political powerful force in South-African society. The mindset nutures self-hating , self- destruction and confidence lowering . This is evident in the practice of self- harming through bleaching the skin, straigthening the hair and looking to Europe and European institutions as saviours. It also makes killing each other almost acceptable. The eminent African-American Bobby E Wright (1984) explained in his book "we have never been trained to kill Europeans" but, we seem to be able kill each other (black on black) violence instinctively. It also makes us have a warped and unrealistic view of our reality. It may cause some, like Dr Kenneth B Clarke to say," race is irrelevant". Even African-America Dr Alvin Poussant, who used his qualification avoid addressing the current colonisation condition. He used his stint in Ebony Magazine to deal with the a few middles class anxieties. What a shame! The Slave/Colonial mindset-the Trojan Horse The Europeans understand how important the psychological warfare project is to their continued hold on Africa, which is why they got their missionaries to influences chiefs and other leaders in Africa, to send their young children to their missionary schools. At these missionary/faith-based schools, young children were indoctrinated on a grand scale. These young children come from cultures where, almost all adults are feared and or certainly not questioned, made the work of the European teachers easier. This is why it should not alarm us or surprise us that, Mobutu, Savimbi and their cronies behaved in the way they did to their own people and their own resources. The mindset, the lust for power and foreign money-from the USA mainly kept them destroying their respective countries, in the name of capitalism and the other G6 powers. The USA officials who paid Savimbi through Mobutu millions and millions of American tax-payers money to literally destroy a revolution and 2 countries, have never been brought to justice. If both of these colonial minded individuals did not die, they would be still destroying the country and squandering their resources for self-aggrandisement, with Washington's approval. The foreign powers/handlers knew millions of people were being tortured, kill, maimed, punished and starved of food and other life necessities, in their interest. Whilst all this was happening in full view of other Africans, many of them in the Caribbean and continued going to the states" to make it". Meanwhile Africans affected by these individuals and American money and foreign policy, eventually started heading for the UK and the USA seeking "refuge". It should not surprise us at the way the Europeans view certain individuals. The American state had to get rid of Malcolm X by any means necessary. The Belgian/USA/UK governments saw Patrice Lumumba as an uncompromising character when it came to his understanding of independence. France could not stomach an independent minded Thomas Sankara who wanted to transform Bukina Faso in the interest of it's people. The apartheid South-Africa did not dare allow Bantu Stephen Biko to live-he was too clear about his position and his understanding of the social/economic/political situation. He wanted all or nothing. Walter Rodney exposed the hypocrisy of Europe's role in Africa-it became a real annoyance in European academic circles. The under-development was the strategy and the means to achieving this outcome was to nurture their own "loyal Africans". Off course the "loyal Africans" are another name for the colonial minded. Rich men and women often have their "kept women" Well, so to rich Europe has their "kept men". France has Francoise Compoare of Bukina Faso. The USA has theirs in the form of Paul Kagame. Spain/USA has Obiang Nguema of Equatorial Guinea- Africa third largest producer of oil. Shell and the UK and other oil companies operating in Nigeria have been keeping the Hausa dominated army and government since 1970. The CIA/USA/France had army man Hissen Habre- a man who was less than friendly to USA's imagined enemy Gadaffi. Chadian named him, "Africa's Pinochet". USA supported the Duvalier family for 30 years and off course Savimbi in Angola. See William Blum(2001) Rogue State. Chapter 17. The Consequences If African thinkers and educationalists alike continue to neglect the content of early and middle years curricula, they would be fighting a losing battle against the slave/colonial mindset, capitalism, fashion and mass-media. The same way, one cannot expect to put new wine in an old wineskin so to, one cannot expect the slave/colonial minded to suddenly change his or her learnt behaviour. This behaviour has been around for the last 350 years. It might have started as, a means of coping in strange and often hostile societies in the Caribbean and America in the late 17th century. Joy Leary would argue African communities must admit the existence of post traumatic syndrome before, the treatment could be sought. No admission means that, this major debilitating psychological condition would linger and fester away. Off course when a few like, Thiongo'o(1938-) changed his behaviour in his adulthood, by going back to his Gikuyu name and writing in his own language rather than English only, is inspirational to rest who remain in this regressive state of mind. He used his book-Decolonising the mind: the politics of language in African literature(1986) as a platform to encourage African challenged about their attitude towards Africa and or NJAC. Ngugi wa writers to write in their own language to make their books more meaningful to Africans on the continent. It is not only about writing in one's own language although, that is a positive start. It is about having a core teaching curricula that could be used world-wide. Even if people write in their own indigenous language but continue to see Europe as the solution to their problems-the colonised mind remains untouched. The writer applauds the work of Haki Madibuti and Dr Karenga and Molefi Asante. The African need more people like the above, if we are to be taken seriously. Why are members of NJAC( National Joint Action committee) and their 36 year old organisation in Trinidad, still viewed as not worthy of support from the majority of African-Trinidadians? The slave/colonial mindset, which makes people ridicule members for re-claiming their African heritage via taking on African names. One can often hear African-Trinidadians and other Africans born abroad saying in a most offensive voice, "I am not African" when asked about their identity. Thai is the colonial mindset expressing their ignorance. What do we begin? The logical place for decolonisation to begin is in the home, with parents taking the lead. The early years 0-11 is the crucial time to inculcate the Afrocentric values. It means that, we have to be prepared to build our own nurseries and create our own culturally inclusive and sensitive curricula. The parents must be re-educated. It is almost pointless waiting until a child becomes an adult, when he may or may not be exposed to Pan-Africanism. All the research available would agree that, the pre-natal and early years are the most important educating years. Ideally, the decolonisation ideals should be embedded in the early years curricula, The Community leaders and families should make attempts to discuss post trauma syndrome and it's effects openly and proactively put into place some short term and long term remedies. 3 African American writers who wrote the The Black Parenting Book did not pursue the de-colonisation project in their book either. There are 17 chapters in this book yet, Pan-Africanism and or the issue of the slave/colonial mindset were not addressed in a very active way. There chapters on Family Traditions and Spirituality without making mention of the importance of Kwanzaa. There was a chapter on " Black and Proud" not African and proud. There should have a chapter on how and why Africans came to self hate and hate all things African. Where did it all begin? The book tackled particular parenting approach, which was used by African American parents but, they did not attempt to give the psychological or economic reasons why most African parents worldwide use the authoritarian model rather than the authoritative model. Authoritarian- powerful, assertive/aggressive (verbally or physically adult leads or makes all the decisions, which are imposed on child. May be highly critical. Parents may be likely to use shouting and hitting. Parents may even talk about "I want you to fear me". Authoritative- Parents use reciprocity and a democratic style, which allows child to lead but establishes safe limits and boundaries. Parents are likely to use encouragement, provide choices and highlight consequences and positive feedback and use time-out and put penalities in place, as part of their disciplining package. It might have been helpful to explain why some African parents use the former than the latter? It would have been more useful to write the book in some African languages and use a work -book with exercises to involve all members of the family. This book could be described as the product of a well meaning qualified but, obviously apolitical professionals. The writers tackled all the symptoms but never ventured near the core causes. They missed an opportunity to focus on the link between the type of the society, which produces such parents focusing on a post-colonial/slave/capitalist, racist society such as the USA. Conclusion. The Decolonisation project and treating post trauma syndrome are as necessary to Africans, as oxygen and water are to humankind existence. Neither can be avoided any longer due to it being "too sensitive" an issue. The message to all the Pan-Africanists/Humanist individuals, families and organisations , which are always short of committed, reliable and discipline foot soldiers is this, put some of your efforts and money into the 0-11 years olds and an African Parenting project, based on an Afrocentric model and treatment for psychological trauma and other self-harming behaviour. If any individual/family or organisation is interested ion the guture well being of Africans- the aforementioned approaches are vital. Otherwise, a plethora of colonial minded and dishonest Pastors from diverse Christian sects, the mass-media, fashion, cars and short term attractions and whatever other European cultural left-overs would grab the minds of the majority of Africans. The slave/colonial mind is dangerous to Pan-Africanist and African humanist alike. Those African "kept men" or Europe's trojan horses will continue the pauperization policies of a very rich continent. They will repeat policies and slogans without even analysing them. They will like the major obstacle to progress, changes, self-empowerment and unification of African peoples. Instead of enabling and building capacities and re-skilling people, they will disable, de-skill and pauperize people. The colonial minded knows nothing else. The Europeans using their white skins as authority continue to pamper and encourage their "kept men" to the detriment of the majority of Africans, who continue to suffer and to be killed with the weapons made in the USA/UK/Israel and other European countries. References: Akbar Na'im(1992) Chain and Images of psychological slavery- Winston-Derek, Nashville, TN Blumm W (2003) Rogue State: Chapter 17. Zed Books London UK Brittain V (1998) Death and Dignity: Angola's Civil War. Chapter 2. Pluto Books. London UK Woodson C.G (1937) The Mis-education of the negro. Africa World Press NJ USA Wright B.E (1984) The psychopathic racial personality and other essays. Third World Press Chicago, Ilinois USA
funny questions and answers? Now that Vancouver has won the chance to host the 2010 Winter Olympics, these are some questions people from all over the world are asking. Believe it or not these questions about Canada were posted on an International Tourism Website. The answers are a joke; but the questions were really asked! Q:I have never seen it warm on Canadian TV, so how do the plants grow? ( England ) A. We import all plants fully grown and then just sit around and watch them die. Q:Will I be able to see Polar Bears in the street? ( USA ) A: Depends on how much you've been drinking. Q:I want to walk from Vancouver to Toronto -can I follow the Railroad tracks? ( Sweden ) A: Sure, it's only Four thousand miles, take lots of water. Q: Is it safe to run around in the bushes in Canada ? ( Sweden ) A: So it's true what they say about Swedes. Q: It is imperative that I find the names and addresses of places to contact for a stuffed Beaver. ( Italy ) A: Let's not touch this one. Q: Are there any ATM's (cash machines) in Canada ? Can you send me a list of them in Toronto , Vancouver , Edmonton and Halifax ? ( England ) A: What, did your last slave die from? Q: Can you give me some information about hippo racing in Canada ? ( USA ) A: A-Fri-ca is the big triangle shaped continent south of Europe. Ca-na-DA is that big country to your North...oh forget it. Sure, the hippo racing is after every Flames game in Calgary . Come naked. Q: Which direction is North in Canada ? ( USA ) A: Face south and then turn 180 degrees Contact us when you get here and we'll send the rest of the directions. Q: Can I bring cutlery into Canada ?( England ) A: Why? Just use your fingers like we do. Q: Can you send me the Vienna Boys' Choir schedule? ( USA ) A: Aus-tri-a is that quaint little country bordering Ger-man-y, which is...oh forget it. Sure, the Vienna Boys Choir plays after every hockey game in Vancouver and in Calgary , straight after the hippo races. Come naked. Q: Do you have perfume in Canada ? ( Germany ) A: No, WE don't stink. Q: I have developed a new product that is the fountain of youth. Can you sell it in Canada ? ( USA ) A: Anywhere significant numbers of Americans gather. Q: Can you tell me the regions in British Columbia where the female population is smaller than the male population? ( Italy ) A: Yes, gay nightclubs. Q: Do you celebrate Thanksgiving in Canada ? ( USA ) A: Only at Thanksgiving. Q: Are there supermarkets in Toronto and is milk available all year round? ( Germany ) A: No, we are a peaceful civilization of Vegan hunter/gathers. Milk is illegal. Q: I have a question about a famous animal in Canada , but I forget its name. It's a kind of big horse with horns. ( USA ) A: It's called a Moose. They are tall and very violent, eating the brains of anyone walking close to them. You can scare them off by spraying yourself with human urine before you go out walking. Q: Will I be able to speak English most places I go? ( USA ) A: Yes, but you will have to learn it first.
Are people really this stupid? A list of real questions asked by real (stupid) people, complete with stupid answers, so these idiots could understand! Because Everyone In Canada Lives In An Igloo Now that Vancouver has won the chance to host the 2010 Winter Olympics, these are some questions people from all over the world are asking. Believe it or not these questions about Canada were posted on an International Tourism Website. Obviously the answers are a joke; but the questions were really asked! Q: I have never seen it warm on Canadian TV, so how do the plants grow?(England) A. We import all plants fully grown and then just sit around and watch them die. Q: Will I be able to see Polar Bears in the street? (USA) A: Depends on how much you've been drinking. Q: I want to walk from Vancouver to Toronto-can I follow the Railroad tracks? (Sweden) A: Sure, it's only Four thousand miles, take lots of water. Q: Is it safe to run around in the bushes in Canada? (Sweden) A: So it's true what they say about Swedes. Q: Are there any ATM's (cash machines) in Canada? Can you send me a list of them in Toronto, Vancouver, Edmonton and Halifax? (England) A: What, did your last slave die? Q: Can you give me some information about hippo racing in Canada? (USA) A: A-fri-ca is the big triangle shaped continent south of Europe. Ca-na-da is that big country to your North...oh forget it. Sure, the hippo racing is every Tuesday night in Calgary. Come naked. Q: Which direction is North in Canada? (USA) A: Face south and then turn 180 degrees Contact us when you get here and we'll send the rest of the directions. Q: Can I bring cutlery into Canada?(England) A: Why? Just use your fingers like we do. Q: Can you send me the Vienna Boys' Choir schedule? (USA) A: Aus-t ri-a is that quaint little country bordering Ger-man-y, which is...oh forget it. Sure, the Vienna Boys Choir plays every Tuesday night in Vancouver and in Calgary, straight after the hippo races. Come naked. Q: Do you have perfume in Canada? (Germany) A: No, WE don't stink. Q: I have developed a new product that is the fountain of youth. Where can I sell it in Canada? (USA) A: Anywhere significant numbers of Americans gather. Q: Can you tell me the regions in British Columbia where the female population is smaller than the male population? (Italy) A: Yes, gay nightclubs. Q: Do you celebrate Thanksgiving in Canada? (USA) A: Only at Thanksgiving. Q: Are there supermarkets in Toronto and is milk available all year round?(Germany) A: No, we are a peaceful civilization of Vegan hunter/gathers. Milk is illegal. Q: I have a question about a famous animal in Canada, but I forget its name. It's a kind of big horse with horns. (USA ) A: It's called a Moose. They are tall and very violent, eating the brains of anyone walking close to them. You can scare them off by spraying yourself with human urine before you go out walking. Q: Will I be able to speak English most places I go? (USA) A: Yes, but you will have to learn it first. From News Daily Canada. Kind of says something about education around the world doesn't it
Bonus question? A triangle that has a 90 degree angle is a: right triangle left triangle isoceles triangle all of the above POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scientific notation which was reviewed in module one is used for which of the following reasons: a code for the CIA to write large numbers in a concise manner for car manufactureres to place as decals on their vehicles for marking only negative numbers POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The following components appear on my package of hot chocolate mix: FCAT DUDE RANCH "HOT CHOCOLATE" Nutritional facts: Serving Size (1 envelope) Servings per container: 8 Amount per serving: Calories: 25 Total fat: 0 g Cholesterol: 0 mg Sodium: 125 mg Total Carbohydrates: 5 g Sugars: 4 g Protein: 1 g Directions: Empty one envelope hot cocoa mix into mug. Add 6-8 fl. oz. hot water while stirring. I have 75 containers of the mix. How many guests will I be able to serve at the campfire tonight? 300 guests 600 guests 900 guests 150 guests POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The following symbol ð is approximately equivalent to: 316 3114 314 3.14 POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From the following chart that shows the comparison of four brand name batteries, the range for brand C would be: Battery Life in Hours 30 because it is the midpoint 19 because it is repeated most often 19 to 36 probability of 2:1 POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In the following formula, V represents: surface area volume vitamins value POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- An hypothesis is used in the scientific method in the study of science. Another way of expressing hypothesis might be: an educated guess to be proven a written examination a conclusion supported strongly by research Greek philosophy put into action POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read the following passage from a famous short story and answer the questions below. The Open Boat By Stephen Crane A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco, and, by the same token, a bronco is not much smaller. The craft pranced and reared, and plunged like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse making at a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls of water is a mystic thing, and, moreover, at the top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing down from the summit of each wave, requiring a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then, after scornfully bumping a crest, she would slide, and race, and splash down a long incline and arrive bobbing and nodding in front of the next menace. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingy, one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience, which is never at sea in a dingy. As each salty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. There was a terrible grace in the move of the waves, and they came in silence, save for the snarling of the crests. In the wan light, the faces of the men must have been gray. Their eyes must have glinted in strange ways as they gazed steadily astern. Viewed from a balcony, the whole thing would doubtlessly have been weirdly picturesque. But the men in the boat had no time to see it, and if they had had leisure there were other things to occupy their minds. The sun swung steadily up the sky, and they knew it was broad day because the color of the sea changed from slate to emerald-green, streaked with amber lights, and the foam was like tumbling snow. The process of the breaking day was unknown to them. They were aware only of this effect upon the color of the waves that rolled toward them. In the passage, what is the time of day? early morning late afternoon early evening mid morning midnight POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read the following passage from a famous short story and answer the questions below. The Open Boat By Stephen Crane A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco, and, by the same token, a bronco is not much smaller. The craft pranced and reared, and plunged like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse making at a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls of water is a mystic thing, and, moreover, at the top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing down from the summit of each wave, requiring a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then, after scornfully bumping a crest, she would slide, and race, and splash down a long incline and arrive bobbing and nodding in front of the next menace. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingy, one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience, which is never at sea in a dingy. As each salty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. There was a terrible grace in the move of the waves, and they came in silence, save for the snarling of the crests. In the wan light, the faces of the men must have been gray. Their eyes must have glinted in strange ways as they gazed steadily astern. Viewed from a balcony, the whole thing would doubtlessly have been weirdly picturesque. But the men in the boat had no time to see it, and if they had had leisure there were other things to occupy their minds. The sun swung steadily up the sky, and they knew it was broad day because the color of the sea changed from slate to emerald-green, streaked with amber lights, and the foam was like tumbling snow. The process of the breaking day was unknown to them. They were aware only of this effect upon the color of the waves that rolled toward them. In this passage, the ocean can be best described as: calmly smooth filled with sharks rolling with waves stormy with strong winds peaceful POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read the following passage from a famous short story and answer the questions below. The Open Boat By Stephen Crane A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco, and, by the same token, a bronco is not much smaller. The craft pranced and reared, and plunged like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse making at a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls of water is a mystic thing, and, moreover, at the top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing down from the summit of each wave, requiring a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then, after scornfully bumping a crest, she would slide, and race, and splash down a long incline and arrive bobbing and nodding in front of the next menace. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingy, one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience, which is never at sea in a dingy. As each salty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. There was a terrible grace in the move of the waves, and they came in silence, save for the snarling of the crests. In the wan light, the faces of the men must have been gray. Their eyes must have glinted in strange ways as they gazed steadily astern. Viewed from a balcony, the whole thing would doubtlessly have been weirdly picturesque. But the men in the boat had no time to see it, and if they had had leisure there were other things to occupy their minds. The sun swung steadily up the sky, and they knew it was broad day because the color of the sea changed from slate to emerald-green, streaked with amber lights, and the foam was like tumbling snow. The process of the breaking day was unknown to them. They were aware only of this effect upon the color of the waves that rolled toward them. In the second paragraph, what is the best meaning for the word "swamping?" to empty of water to rip open to run ashore to overturn to fill with water POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read the following passage from a famous short story and answer the questions below. The Open Boat By Stephen Crane A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco, and, by the same token, a bronco is not much smaller. The craft pranced and reared, and plunged like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse making at a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls of water is a mystic thing, and, moreover, at the top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing down from the summit of each wave, requiring a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then, after scornfully bumping a crest, she would slide, and race, and splash down a long incline and arrive bobbing and nodding in front of the next menace. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingy, one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience, which is never at sea in a dingy. As each salty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. There was a terrible grace in the move of the waves, and they came in silence, save for the snarling of the crests. In the wan light, the faces of the men must have been gray. Their eyes must have glinted in strange ways as they gazed steadily astern. Viewed from a balcony, the whole thing would doubtlessly have been weirdly picturesque. But the men in the boat had no time to see it, and if they had had leisure there were other things to occupy their minds. The sun swung steadily up the sky, and they knew it was broad day because the color of the sea changed from slate to emerald-green, streaked with amber lights, and the foam was like tumbling snow. The process of the breaking day was unknown to them. They were aware only of this effect upon the color of the waves that rolled toward them. The boat is compared to a bucking bronco because: It is smaller. It moves the same way a bucking horse does when trying to throw its rider. It is the same color. It was much larger. None of the above. POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read the following passage from a famous short story and answer the questions below. The Open Boat By Stephen Crane A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco, and, by the same token, a bronco is not much smaller. The craft pranced and reared, and plunged like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse making at a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls of water is a mystic thing, and, moreover, at the top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing down from the summit of each wave, requiring a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then, after scornfully bumping a crest, she would slide, and race, and splash down a long incline and arrive bobbing and nodding in front of the next menace. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingy, one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience, which is never at sea in a dingy. As each salty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. There was a terrible grace in the move of the waves, and they came in silence, save for the snarling of the crests. In the wan light, the faces of the men must have been gray. Their eyes must have glinted in strange ways as they gazed steadily astern. Viewed from a balcony, the whole thing would doubtlessly have been weirdly picturesque. But the men in the boat had no time to see it, and if they had had leisure there were other things to occupy their minds. The sun swung steadily up the sky, and they knew it was broad day because the color of the sea changed from slate to emerald-green, streaked with amber lights, and the foam was like tumbling snow. The process of the breaking day was unknown to them. They were aware only of this effect upon the color of the waves that rolled toward them. Which statement best describes the men's state of mind? relaxed suspicious confused fearful confident POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read the following passage from a famous short story and answer the questions below. The Open Boat By Stephen Crane A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco, and, by the same token, a bronco is not much smaller. The craft pranced and reared, and plunged like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse making at a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls of water is a mystic thing, and, moreover, at the top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing down from the summit of each wave, requiring a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then, after scornfully bumping a crest, she would slide, and race, and splash down a long incline and arrive bobbing and nodding in front of the next menace. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingy, one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience, which is never at sea in a dingy. As each salty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. There was a terrible grace in the move of the waves, and they came in silence, save for the snarling of the crests. In the wan light, the faces of the men must have been gray. Their eyes must have glinted in strange ways as they gazed steadily astern. Viewed from a balcony, the whole thing would doubtlessly have been weirdly picturesque. But the men in the boat had no time to see it, and if they had had leisure there were other things to occupy their minds. The sun swung steadily up the sky, and they knew it was broad day because the color of the sea changed from slate to emerald-green, streaked with amber lights, and the foam was like tumbling snow. The process of the breaking day was unknown to them. They were aware only of this effect upon the color of the waves that rolled toward them. The author makes use of what technique to describe the boat in the first paragraph? humor comparison of similar qualities use of color caring laughter POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Read the following passage from a famous short story and answer the questions below. The Open Boat By Stephen Crane A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco, and, by the same token, a bronco is not much smaller. The craft pranced and reared, and plunged like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse making at a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls of water is a mystic thing, and, moreover, at the top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing down from the summit of each wave, requiring a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then, after scornfully bumping a crest, she would slide, and race, and splash down a long incline and arrive bobbing and nodding in front of the next menace. A singular disadvantage of the sea lies in the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is another behind it just as important and just as nervously anxious to do something effective in the way of swamping boats. In a ten-foot dingy, one can get an idea of the resources of the sea in the line of waves that is not probable to the average experience, which is never at sea in a dingy. As each salty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. There was a terrible grace in the move of the waves, and they came in silence, save for the snarling of the crests. In the wan light, the faces of the men must have been gray. Their eyes must have glinted in strange ways as they gazed steadily astern. Viewed from a balcony, the whole thing would doubtlessly have been weirdly picturesque. But the men in the boat had no time to see it, and if they had had leisure there were other things to occupy their minds. The sun swung steadily up the sky, and they knew it was broad day because the color of the sea changed from slate to emerald-green, streaked with amber lights, and the foam was like tumbling snow. The process of the breaking day was unknown to them. They were aware only of this effect upon the color of the waves that rolled toward them. Based on a close reading of this excerpt, the reader might conclude that: The men are out for a pleasant afternoon's sail. The men are fishing for a living. The men are escaping from a deserted island. The men are in grave danger. The men are all friends. POINT VALUE: 4.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Match the literary term of “author’s point of view “ to the correct definition: the position or standpoint from which he or she addresses a topic the author's reason for writing the attitude that a writer takes toward a subject or character the title of the article POINT VALUE: 2.0 points -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All of the following are true except which item: Expository writing would include lab reports, formal writing that gives factual information. Persuasive writing would include editorials, letters to the editor, and speeches in a political campaign. Persuasive writing would include advertisements. Persuasive writing would not include writing arguments to convince others to agree with the author’s opinion. Expository writing would include a summary of the instructions on how to use a manual to put together a computer case.
Would anyone take the time to answer this? Have you ever appreciated a sunset? Were you alone or with someone special? Have you ever been a guest at a surprise party? Has anyone ever thrown a surprise party for you? Have you ever been in a fist fight? Have you ever been on TV? Have you ever been to a theatre? (Also spelling "theater.") Have you ever broken a bone? Have you ever broken up with someone? Has someone ever broken up with you? Have you ever called your boyfriend or girlfriend by the wrong name? Have you ever called your girlfriend/boyfriend "Honey?" Have you ever changed your appearance a lot in a short time? (For example, hair style, hair color or weight) Have you ever cheated on an exam? Have you ever cried in public and embarrassed yourself? Have you ever cried for no reason and felt good because of it? Have you ever dated someone from another race, culture or religion? Have you ever dated someone who didn't like you? Have you ever dated a relative by accident? Have you ever done something silly that you wish you had not done? Have you ever driven a sports car? Have you ever driven a truck? Have you ever eaten in a restaurant and realized you have no money with you? Have you ever finished eating in a restaurant, and you realized you forgot your wallet? Have you ever eaten something that you thought you wouldn't like, but found out that you actually liked it? Have you ever eaten frog legs? Have you ever eaten horse meat? Have you ever eaten French food? (Substitute other countries' food, too.) Have you ever fallen asleep and forgotten where you were? Have you ever fallen asleep while taking a bath? Have you ever fallen down the stairs? Have you ever fallen in love at first sight? Have you ever fallen or stumbled in front of others. Have you ever forgotten your mother's birthday? ... father's ... girlfriend's ... boyfriend's ... husband's ... wife's Have you ever given a false excuse to get out of something you didn't want to do? If so, tell us about it. Have you ever given a ring (or other jewelry) to your girlfriend/boyfriend? Have you ever gone mountain climbing? Have you ever gone skiing? Have you ever gone surfing? Have you ever dreamt of a ghost being in your bedroom and then waking up and finding yourself looling around for the ghost? Have you ever gone to greet a friend or family member then noticed it was someone else? Have you ever gotten sunburnt at the tanning saloon and gone back the next day? Have you ever had a Deja Vu experience? Have you ever made cheesecake? Have you ever made Chinese food? Have you ever baked bread? Have you ever met a celebrity? Have you ever played a joke on one of your teachers? How about one of your classmates? Have you ever raised your hand to answer a question, then forgot what you were going to say? Have you ever received a present that you really hated? What was it? Why did you hate it? Who gave it to you? Have you ever regretted saying I love you? Have you ever ridden a horse? Have you ever ridden a motorcycle? Have you ever said yes when you meant no? If so, tell us about it. Have you ever slept in a cave? Have you ever slept in a tent? Have you ever swam in the ocean? Have you ever talked to a famous person? Who was the person? How long did you talk? What did you talk about? Have you ever thought of something funny and started laughing out loud in the presence of others? Have you ever told a big lie to someone you love? Have you ever tried in-line skating? Have you ever tried riding a skateboard? Have you ever guessed someone's age wrong (younger or older)? How did the person respond? Have you ever been in the shower when there was an earthquake? Have you ever ripped off your pants while dancing? Have you ever kissed somebody by mistake? Have you ever laughed until tears came from your eyes? Have you ever fallen asleep while talking on the phone? Have you ever sprained your ankle/wrist? How did it happen? Have you ever written an article for a newspaper? If so, when was it and what was the article about? Have you ever seen a car accident? Have you ever called your school's principal? Have you ever received more than 10 cards on Valentines day? Have you ever been on the radio or television? Have you ever ridden on an ostrich? A camel? A cow? Have you ever shaken hands with a monkey? Have you ever received a love letter? Have you ever seen a tornado? Have you ever had an electricity blackout while taking a shower? Have you ever picked you're nose in public? Have you ever seen a car accident? Have you ever called your school's principal? Have you ever been on the radio? T.V? Have you ever ridden on an ostrich? Have you ever shaken hands with a monkey? Have you ever received a love letter? Have you ever seen a tornado? Have you ever milked a cow? Have you ever built an igloo? Have you ever tried any extreme sports? Have you ever shot a gun at a tree or a target? Have you ever played an instrument in public? Have you ever sang in public? Have you ever talked "baby-talk" to your pet? Have you ever given special nicknames to your pet that were completely different than their first given name? Have you ever kept special treats for your pet? Have you ever kept a special blanket or bed for your pet to sleep on? Have you ever let your pet sleep in or on your bed with you? Have you ever walked into a lamppost? Have you ever wondered why some people want to be alone but never seem to be lonely? Why do you think this is so? Have you ever tried to eat food without first spitting out your chewing gum? Have you ever saved a piece of chewed chewing gum and started chewing it again later? Have you ever called a 'he' she or a 'she' a 'he?' What was the response? Have you ever called a women sir or a Man "ma'am?" Have you ever asked a woman when she was "due" and she wasn't even pregnant?
What do you think now? This time everything's clear? Some people may like this.You're not gonna find this information anywhere else.I'm uncovering the secrets! You'll find some really important information here as well. Special thanks to my American friend who helped me proofread my writing. I believe that if you spend 10 minutes reading this essay, you will be better informed than if you listen to a lifetime's worth of Major Media news. I've just turned 19 and I'm a university student studying English who just cannot sit back and let the lies fly unchallenged. This article has two parts: 1. Cultural and general info 2. Political info. Note: I've explained all the things that you always talk about, so read it all plz! (Anytime you like!) Specially the political part! Any answers before reading the whole thing will prove to be wrong. **** Hi. I'm an Iranian who has spent his life in Iran.When I chat with people from other countries, I am shocked to see how totally wrong their ideas are about Iran. I wrote this article in an attempt to help correct those ideas. The first thing America, and the West in general, accuses our government of is that we don't allow personal freedoms. Actually, Iranians disobey laws they don't like as much as anyone. But come on, there are only a few restrictions.It's cool over here. People here do whatever they wish to! Many strict rules in other countries don't even exist in Iran. Also, you should understand that what may seem so normal to you, may be a nightmare for us and vise versa. That's why you don't understand a few of Iran's laws because some of them are based on our culture. You look at our country from "your own point of view"! In Iran every single house has a sattelite dish. Sattelite television has a serious influence on our people, and Iranians wear very fashionable clothing. Maybe it is a kind of imitation, but we still have our own unique Iranian style (I'm talking about public places, in our privacy there's no difference). A visitor might wonder if this is a country or a fantasy pageant of beauty queens! Almost women wear half their their hair out, and make-up and fashionable clothing are everywhere.(I ignore a few fuddy-duddies though!) Iran is one of the super-consumers of cosmetics. You would be surprised to see the difference between what you imagine and what Iran really is! In my view, everything is great, if you ignore unemployment, inflation and air pollution. They're common problems around the world today! Also, you can't compare Iran today with the Iran you remember. The Shah and the Iatollah Khomini are both some 30 years in the past! 70% of Iran's population is a new generation (Under age 30) without the biases of the past and we've transformed everything. Ever heard Iranian girls are terrific?I've collected some photos showing Iranian girls! Look! Poeple are like this! http://www.salijoon.ir/bazigar/hedye%20tehrani/30nema4251159.JPG http://www.30nema.com/images/gallery/30nema4252403.jpg http://i10.tinypic.com/4clk3us.jpg Americanised Iranian girl? Nope, everyone's like that, but this one's inside the car! Naughty girls do anything! http://tinypic.com/2d0nfao.jpg Enough proof? Some people think women don't have any rights in Iran. But in my view, women are overrunning the place. But that's not a bad thing. They're very respectful, and they've been the winners in so many cases: They get into the best universities because they're very smart. And they get the best jobs because they can do so many of them better than men. They've got Islamic rights, and that has in some cases made it difficult for men to marry them, because husbands are supposed to buy them expensive things and treat them very well, otherwise women have the right to ask a great amount of money (called Mehr) according to the law, which most husbands cannot afford, so men will be imprisoned.The only thing that women are not allowed to do in Iran is getting into public football stadiums and that's because such places are full of cheeky guys. They do anything from taking part in rallies to singing pop songs.Anything! I've put a sample here. I feel foolish for sitting here explaining ordinary things to you. Another funny thing: Your footage about stoning the women who have committed adultery. Have you ever asked yourselves how many years ago that footage related to? Are they balck and white or colourful? But in one case (related to many years ago) the thing that had happened was incest not adultery.We think being punished for corruption is good, as it deters people from doing that and the society will be far healthier than the countries in which commiting such things is considered to be normal! For your information, most of those footages are from Afghanistan which was ruled by freaks (Taliban). What exactly makes you think women are treated differently?The way they were/are treated in Saudi Arabia? Try to think of the racism in your country too. There's no perfect country! Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan are --------- SEPERATE COUNTRIES! --------- Even within Iran, 60% of us are Persian and 30% are Turkish! Iran is a normal country like any other in the world. The point is, there's nothing mysterious about us! The Media are very good at creating really scary stuff: "IRAN BEHIND THE CLOSED DOORS!!!" "IRAN UNDERCOVER!!!" Some of that garbage would be enough to scare ME away! But in truth, Iranians are far more open-minded than you have been led to believe. There are lots of Iranians today who are geniuses and scientists, and are all under age 25. For instance a 17 year old boy has invented 72 amazing inventions. Every year a special scientific compeition is held here and students assemble to show off hundreds of inventions. Iranian students and sportsmen win gold and silver medals in different competitions in the world all the time, in robotics, biology, maths, physics, sports, anything! Why don't the Media talk about them? Please don't summarize our nation and culture with the single word "nuclear". Although we're proud of this achievement because we believe that having nuclear energy means that a country is developed.Did you know that the countries having the highest number of scientists in the world are in this order? 1-India 2-Korea 3-Iran A few months ago Iran uncovered the most effective anti-H.I.V medicine. I searched for news of that on the internet, but there was no single sign of it.Now, I found it among the English news: "The medicine is produced from herbs using nano technology" The link to read about it is: http://www.payvand.com/news/07/feb/1032.html The Media are unjust. They never talk about facts! Some interesting facts: Iran is a pioneer in medicine and genetics, and Iranian surgeons have found lots of new methods for treating spinal defects, and many diseases (mainly the treatment for different types of cancer) and the best brain and heart surgeons are Iranian. The head of the Mars Mission in NASA is Iranian. One of the best designers of sports cars working in Germany is Iranian. Some of the best 3D animators are Iranian. Iran is one of the best countries in counter-engineering. Holds the second place in building dams and in loads of other things! It's one of the top countries in bio-technology and nano-technology. The 4th highest tower in the world (Milad tower) is in Tehran (visit it at this link from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Milad.jpg ). 51 of the top 100 universities in the Mid-East are in Iran, and they're among the top universities of the world as well. The champion weight-lifter, a woman the nobel peace prize are Iranian. The 6th top movie director in the world is Iranian.(Abbas Kiarostami) http://arts.guardian.co.uk/fridayreview/story/0,12102,1084266,00.html Iranian Director's Film Wins Spanish Festival Top Prize - VOA News (September 25, 2004) These are just small samples.I can't put every news about Iran here.Then you should visit press TV website. Iranian girls are famous for being terrific. We have Persian rugs and Persian literature, many Persian poets, artists and scientists that are world famous. Iranian culture is now westernized and only a little of the ancient culture has survived. According to statistics Tehran is the cheapest capital city in the world (one Dollar =about 950 Tomans! For example you can buy windows vista for 1 Dollar here instead of 700 Dollars!!! or 3 supper pizzas for 10 Dollars!!!wow!) There are many other things. How many pages would you need to describe a country? Iran has nearly all the industries and technologies found in 'developed' countries. Oh, and we have four seasons! (Some people think it never snows here! We get a lot of snow and there are skating rinks! lol) The list is endless. News: "Iranian scientists managed to make human teeth grow after you've lost them using basic cells" I'm gonna introduce Iran's international news website to you (Press TV) which was established recently. It's fully in English. In the "Sic / Tech" section you'll always see Iran's discoveries. The address is: http://www.presstv.ir/news.aspx Press TV news: Iranian scientists have registered more than 4800 inventions during the last Iranian calendar year of 1385 (April 21 2006-April 20, 2007). 4800 inventions in just one year! Some charactristics of Iranians would be: Negative: We are proud, greedy, hard-working (for ourselves), not punctual, impatient, and lazy at doing our duty well, crazy about luxuries and thus extravagant! Highly competitive and ambitious. Positive: intelligent, a bit idealistic, well-dressed, formal, well-educated, warm and friendly, hospitable. Some people think Iran is a desert! Well, it is, if you consider California, New Mexico, Utah, Arkansas, and Alabama a desert. We share the same latitude. Iran is a modern country with breathtakingly beautiful nature and lots of historic places to visit. Please take a look at the following links to see if Iran looks like what you think or not! This is a photo of Tehran (Awesome, Isn't it?): http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Tehran-2-1600.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehran If you like you can visit these too, hundreds of pretty photos from the cities, nature and historic places: (It's like a free tour!) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Hills_south_west_of_Sanandaj_near_the_village_of_Kilaneh.jpg http://www.pbase.com/k_amj/throughout_iran&page=all http://www.pbase.com/k_amj/throughout_iran&page=2 http://www.pbase.com/k_amj/throughout_iran&page=3 http://www.bigsoccer.com:80/forum/showthread.php?t=199709&page=4 http://www.bigsoccer.com/forum/showthread.php?t=199709&page=3 http://www.bigsoccer.com/forum/showthread.php?t=199709&page=13 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran Some people think music is forbidden in Iran. Did you this?"Music of Iran and Iranian musicians have received countless awards in the course of history. Every year from 1977 to 2007.Evidence? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Iran I send Iranian music to my American and Canadian chat friends and they all say they're some of the best songs they've ever heard. Here's a sample of the latest hits from two official Iranian music websites.You can just right click on the links below and choose "Save Target As" to download them.I guess you'll fall for it! The translation of the songs is here: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index;_ylt=ArJe6s_u1UbLFRAAiKDGBZLsy6IX?qid=20070514105433AAysEsQ 1.(You know this: 2007) http://download.bia2music.com/Music/Irani/Top33/128/Neorin%20-%20To%20Ino%20Miduni.mp3 2.(Hold my hand: 2007) http://www.sarzaminmp3.com/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Mansour%20-%20Beautiful/09_%20Dastamo%20Begir.mp3 3.(The wetness of your eyes: 2006) http://download.bia2music.com/Music/Irani/Top33/128/Ehsan%20Gheibi%20-%20Khisie%20Cheshmat.mp3 4.(I just want you: 2003) http://download.bia2music.com/Music/Irani/Mansour/Crazy/Delam%20Faghat%20Toro%20Mikhaad(www.Bia2Music.com).MP3 5.(The rain: 2007) http://download.bia2music.com/Music/Irani/Siavash%20Ghomayshi/Sunset%20to%20Sunrise/64/Siavash%20Ghomayshi%20-%20Sunset%20to%20Sunrise%20-%2005%20Baroon%20(www.Bia2Music.com).wma 6.(The window: 2005) http://www.sarzamin.org/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Siavash%20Ghomayshi/03_%20Panjereh.mp3 7.(Keep me in your memory: 2005) http://www.sarzamin.org/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Siavash%20Ghomayshi/07_%20Yaade%20Man%20Baash.mp3 8.(Farangis "A female name" 2007) http://download.bia2music.com/Music/Irani/Siavash%20Ghomayshi/Sunset%20to%20Sunrise/64/Siavash%20Ghomayshi%20-%20Sunset%20to%20Sunrise%20-%2001%20Farangis%20(www.Bia2Music.com).wma 9.(The distance: 2007) http://www.sarzaminsong.com/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Siavash%20Ghomayshi%20-%20Sunset%20to%20Sunrise/03_%20Faseleh.mp3 10.(Sunrise: 2007) http://www.sarzaminsong.com/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Siavash%20Ghomayshi%20-%20Sunset%20to%20Sunrise/04_%20Tolou.mp3 11.(Stop world:2006) http://www.sarzaminmusic.com/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Reza%20Sadeghi%20-%20Vaysa%20Donya/01_%20Vaysa%20Donya.mp3 12.(You can't: 2007) http://www.sarzaminmp3.com/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Mansour%20-%20Beautiful/06_%20Nemitooni.mp3 13.(The wind's kiss: 2005) http://www.sarzamin.org/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Siavash%20Ghomayshi/01_%20Boosaye%20Baad.mp3 14.(Reveal your visage: 2004) http://www.sarzamin.org/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Mohammad%20Esfahani/04_%20Talab.mp3 15.(What would have happened if : 2007) http://www.sarzaminmp3.com/Sarzaminmusic/Persian/128KB/Navid%20&%20Omid%20-%20Faryad/01_%20Chi%20Mishod.mp3 And so on and on! It's now 2007 and most people still think we are uneducated people living in deserts, riding camels and carrying around guns! Let's clarify some political issues as well: Some of the Americans think that president Ahmadinejad hates the U.S and Israel and wants to nuke them!! The Media are good at putting lying comments out there. I really don't get the point why our politicians defame themselves by talking about things that have got nothing to do with us. For example does verbal defence of Palestinians cause them to have a better life? The thing is that they occasionally make some statements that the media would misuse it against Iran. For example they pick up some specific phrases of a long speech (without refering to the main points and reasons for that speech) and put so many bad comments on that. No sane person would take such nonsense at face value. First of all, Iranians don't hate anyone. If our government complains about some injustice going on in the world, it's not bad, is it? (Although what we want from them is to shut up and not get us into trouble by talking about things that are none of our concern) We hate neither Jews nor Americans. I love Americans, otherwise why would I talk to them?! How would our guys dream of America, want to be like them as much as possible, and hate them at the same time?! SECRET: Iranians are the only people in the Mid-East that are pro-American! Being agaisnt the U.S policies is a different story!I've got to say that for Iran, Israel is not equal with Jews! Israel is a gov't. Jews are faithful people! A few of them live here in our neighbourhood and they live just like the rest of Iranians. No difference. (20,000 Jews and lots of Christians live here! Iran's different!) And two of Iran's parliment members are Jews. Who says we want to force others to convert to Islam? Have you ever found a Muslim knocking at your door asking you to do so? Christians and Jews are both God-believers and respectful to us. In Iran, religion is one of the least important factors. Where you come from and what your religion is are not important to us at all. I wonder who Iran is really a threat to. Is it logical to say someone's guilty because we THINK / PREDICT that he's going to do something wrong? And they repeat the same "nuclear weapons" tosh over and over and brainwash people! Correction! It's "nuclear energy". Besides, how many "nuclear weapons" do they have themselves? Hundreds of thousands? Has Iran ever attacked any countries? No. Has it developed any nukes? No! That's what nuclear agency says. Only Iran's opponents are pulling Iran's leg and what they say is of no credit. It's just based on political conflicts. What we're doing is legal. What they ask us to do (ignoring our international rights) is illegal. Iran is a peaceful country. Why? It's the regional super-power and if she wanted, she could easily invade the countries in our neibourhood just like what Saddam did to our country, but as you see Iran has peaceful relations with all of them. Some people say he said: Israel should be wiped off the map! (I wish he could just shut up!)But have they told you the rest of his speech and that why he's said this at all? You know that it's a passive sentence. He's never said that IRAN wants to wipe Israel off the map! He wasn't talking about destroying Israel at all. He was talking about relocating Israel, so that they could live seperate from Palestinians and they could both live in peace. They've only told you this phrase not the whole thing and it's mistranslated intentionally. Iran has always defended itself, but it's not an offensive country.People I just got it straight from the horse's mouth! He's never said such a thing.He's exactly said: " "The Imam "Khomeyni" said this regime occupying Jerusalem must vanish from the page of time." Now you see that you were wrong! Read everything about it at: http://www.antiwar.com/orig/norouzi.php?articleid=11025 Some say he's said: "The Holocaust is a myth!" Again, this is a single phrase taken from a long speech and there are totally logical reasons for saying so. If 6,000,000 Jews were killed, that's terrible, but 300,000 Shiite Moslems killed by Saddam aren't important at all? Over 650,000 Iraqi people are killed and that's not important?! When Fox News simply says that America and Israel are capable of destroying and killing Iran's population of 69,000,000 within two weeks, it's OK and no one says they're threatening other countries to nuke them (I saw this with my own eyes on the Fox News website) Millions of people killed in Afghanistan, Hiroshima & Nagasaki and the Vietnam war are not considered human beings at all! Now I think you'd get the point why he's IRONICALLY said it's a myth. Moreover, don't you believe in freedom of speech/mind? I'd judge people by their ACTIONS rather than by what they say / their religion / race / culture and the colour of their skin! Obviously, some countries are using Iran as a scapegoat to put the blame (for their own faults) on. And what country is better than Iran to be a scapegoat? The whole world believes that Iran isn't a peaceful country. This part is just for Americans who would still argue over unimportant things: Those of you who say why Iran says "Death to America": 1. 'America' to us means the U.S govt, not the people. How do you expect Iranians to mean "American people" when our media admires Americans for marching and holding up "no war" placards?! 2. The new generation don't say such things and if some of them occasionally march in the streets that's because some of the stupid guys enjoy making noise and they mainly go out there to meet their girlfriends/boyfriends! Strange. Isn't it? 3. Such mottos are not just said in Iran and as you know whatever you hear is a response to the U.S govt's terrible actions which has made life for many people hell (You wouldn't deny that attacking countries is a mistake. right?) 4. The U.S gov't helped Saddam attack Iran and I hope you know which country gave Iraq biological weapons which killed lots of Iranians. 5. America hit an Iranian airplane over the Persian Gulf and killed 200 passengers for no reason. 6. America places sanctions on Iran, promotes a false image of Iran and Iranians, scares tourists away, and harms our economy, development and credit. To what purpose? When you call Ahmadinejad a nutcase for what he's said, what do you call Bush for his actions? I mean it's a good idea to consider what Bush is doing to the world with his wrong decisions and lies. Bush is powerful and influencial, but Ahmadinejad is nothing.He's even failed to control the inflation. To those who are upset with American hostages taken for 444 days: 1. Firstly, It's related to so many years ago and it's almost a part of history, and don't forget that when there's a revolution, there'd be chaos and people may do things that they should not, moreover they're all alive and healthy. Aren't they? 2.The U.S has arrested Iranian diplomats in Iraq and had tortured the one who was freed. Poor British sailors were detained by the English gov't just for saying that they were treated well in Iran and that Iranians were logical people (They said these when they were on England's soil!) They were PREVENTED from releasing their memoirs by England! Now you decide who has the right to be upset with whom. How do you believe in their lies about politics when they hide both the most and the least important things from you considering the fact that politics is the world of lies in its nature?!!! Considering all this, you'd probably be able to GUESS what percentage of what they tell you about the Mid-East, Islam, Moslems and other things is true!!! lol Some answerers still confuse Iraq and Iran after reading all this! You are in Iraq not in Iran! They're separate countries! Isn't it better for both countries to forget past conflicts and to have peaceful relations? Our two gov'ts are like 10 year old children playing a stupid, harsh, rhetorical game. (We hate them both!) They don't care about hurting people's feelings. They just try to make our two peoples enemies to achieve their own goals. We, as the people of these countries, MUST NOT allow these conflics into our hearts. You know something? All govt's are hateful. I just said the above things because it sounds unfair when some Americans talk about the taking of the 444 hostages while I keep silence. Now, what do you think? I can't wait to see both nations in peace. It'd be marvelous! They've started to have diplomatic talks! That's great! A lovely American told me: "Having had the wonderful opportunity to visit your country enabled me to see for myself how wonderful the Iranian people are and to learn about your history, your culture, your cuisine, music, films, dance, sacred sites, your medical accomplishments...all your beauty. I am so sorry my country's government seems to delight in trying to bully Iran. Worst of all are the lies told. I know enough about your country to be able to discern when the propaganda machine here is operating. I just wish more Americans traveled and could see for themselves what I have seen. By the way, I traveled to Iran under the auspices of The Friendship Force, an organization started by Pres. Carter to promote peace through one-on-one friendship, a mission I take seriously. Thank you for your wonderful essay on Iran." BTW, make sure you visit the links I've put up for you.They're all from trusted websites. There are some really nice stuff there! Absoulutely beautiful pictures (look at cities and nature) and "Americanised" music! lol Thanks for your time
Poll: Did you like The Oddysey or The Iliad better? I liked the Iliad better. This was my favorite part: Sing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles, first fell out with one another. And which of the gods was it that set them on to quarrel? It was the son of Jove and Leto; for he was angry with the king and sent a pestilence upon the host to plague the people, because the son of Atreus had dishonoured Chryses his priest. Now Chryses had come to the ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter, and had brought with him a great ransom: moreover he bore in his hand the sceptre of Apollo wreathed with a suppliant's wreath and he besought the Achaeans, but most of all the two sons of Atreus, who were their chiefs. "Sons of Atreus," he cried, "and all other Achaeans, may the gods who dwell in Olympus grant you to sack the city of Priam, and to reach your homes in safety; but free my daughter, and accept a ransom for her, in reverence to Apollo, son of Jove." On this the rest of the Achaeans with one voice were for respecting the priest and taking the ransom that he offered; but not so Agamemnon, who spoke fiercely to him and sent him roughly away. "Old man," said he, "let me not find you tarrying about our ships, nor yet coming hereafter. Your sceptre of the god and your wreath shall profit you nothing. I will not free her. She shall grow old in my house at Argos far from her own home, busying herself with her loom and visiting my couch; so go, and do not provoke me or it shall be the worse for you." The old man feared him and obeyed. Not a word he spoke, but went by the shore of the sounding sea and prayed apart to King Apollo whom lovely Leto had borne. "Hear me," he cried, "O god of the silver bow, that protectest Chryse and holy Cilla and rulest Tenedos with thy might, hear me oh thou of Sminthe. If I have ever decked your temple with garlands, or burned your thigh-bones in fat of bulls or goats, grant my prayer, and let your arrows avenge these my tears upon the Danaans." Thus did he pray, and Apollo heard his prayer. He came down furious from the summits of Olympus, with his bow and his quiver upon his shoulder, and the arrows rattled on his back with the rage that trembled within him. He sat himself down away from the ships with a face as dark as night, and his silver bow rang death as he shot his arrow in the midst of them. First he smote their mules and their hounds, but presently he aimed his shafts at the people themselves, and all day long the pyres of the dead were burning. For nine whole days he shot his arrows among the people, but upon the tenth day Achilles called them in assembly- moved thereto by Juno, who saw the Achaeans in their death-throes and had compassion upon them. Then, when they were got together, he rose and spoke among them. "Son of Atreus," said he, "I deem that we should now turn roving home if we would escape destruction, for we are being cut down by war and pestilence at once. Let us ask some priest or prophet, or some reader of dreams (for dreams, too, are of Jove) who can tell us why Phoebus Apollo is so angry, and say whether it is for some vow that we have broken, or hecatomb that we have not offered, and whether he will accept the savour of lambs and goats without blemish, so as to take away the plague from us." With these words he sat down, and Calchas son of Thestor, wisest of augurs, who knew things past present and to come, rose to speak. He it was who had guided the Achaeans with their fleet to Ilius, through the prophesyings with which Phoebus Apollo had inspired him. With all sincerity and goodwill he addressed them thus:- "Achilles, loved of heaven, you bid me tell you about the anger of King Apollo, I will therefore do so; but consider first and swear that you will stand by me heartily in word and deed, for I know that I shall offend one who rules the Argives with might, to whom all the Achaeans are in subjection. A plain man cannot stand against the anger of a king, who if he swallow his displeasure now, will yet nurse revenge till he has wreaked it. Consider, therefore, whether or no you will protect me." And Achilles answered, "Fear not, but speak as it is borne in upon you from heaven, for by Apollo, Calchas, to whom you pray, and whose oracles you reveal to us, not a Danaan at our ships shall lay his hand upon you, while I yet live to look upon the face of the earth- no, not though you name Agamemnon himself, who is by far the foremost of the Achaeans." Thereon the seer spoke boldly. "The god," he said, "is angry neither about vow nor hecatomb, but for his priest's sake, whom Agamemnon has dishonoured, in that he would not free his daughter nor take a ransom for her; therefore has he sent these evils upon us, and will yet send others. He will not deliver the Danaans from this pestilence till Agamemnon has restored the girl without fee or ransom to her father, and has sent a holy hecatomb to Chryse. Thus we may perhaps appease him." With these words he sat down, and Agamemnon rose in anger. His heart was black with rage, and his eyes flashed fire as he scowled on Calchas and said, "Seer of evil, you never yet prophesied smooth things concerning me, but have ever loved to foretell that which was evil. You have brought me neither comfort nor performance; and now you come seeing among Danaans, and saying that Apollo has plagued us because I would not take a ransom for this girl, the daughter of Chryses. I have set my heart on keeping her in my own house, for I love her better even than my own wife Clytemnestra, whose peer she is alike in form and feature, in understanding and accomplishments. Still I will give her up if I must, for I would have the people live, not die; but you must find me a prize instead, or I alone among the Argives shall be without one. This is not well; for you behold, all of you, that my prize is to go elsewhither." And Achilles answered, "Most noble son of Atreus, covetous beyond all mankind, how shall the Achaeans find you another prize? We have no common store from which to take one. Those we took from the cities have been awarded; we cannot disallow the awards that have been made already. Give this girl, therefore, to the god, and if ever Jove grants us to sack the city of Troy we will requite you three and fourfold." Then Agamemnon said, "Achilles, valiant though you be, you shall not thus outwit me. You shall not overreach and you shall not persuade me. Are you to keep your own prize, while I sit tamely under my loss and give up the girl at your bidding? Let the Achaeans find me a prize in fair exchange to my liking, or I will come and take your own, or that of Ajax or of Ulysses; and he to whomsoever I may come shall rue my coming. But of this we will take thought hereafter; for the present, let us draw a ship into the sea, and find a crew for her expressly; let us put a hecatomb on board, and let us send Chryseis also; further, let some chief man among us be in command, either Ajax, or Idomeneus, or yourself, son of Peleus, mighty warrior that you are, that we may offer sacrifice and appease the the anger of the god." Achilles scowled at him and answered, "You are steeped in insolence and lust of gain. With what heart can any of the Achaeans do your bidding, either on foray or in open fighting? I came not warring here for any ill the Trojans had done me. I have no quarrel with them. They have not raided my cattle nor my horses, nor cut down my harvests on the rich plains of Phthia; for between me and them there is a great space, both mountain and sounding sea. We have followed you, Sir Insolence! for your pleasure, not ours- to gain satisfaction from the Trojans for your shameless self and for Menelaus. You forget this, and threaten to rob me of the prize for which I have toiled, and which the sons of the Achaeans have given me. Never when the Achaeans sack any rich city of the Trojans do I receive so good a prize as you do, though it is my hands that do the better part of the fighting. When the sharing comes, your share is far the largest, and I, forsooth, must go back to my ships, take what I can get and be thankful, when my labour of fighting is done. Now, therefore, I shall go back to Phthia; it will be much better for me to return home with my ships, for I will not stay here dishonoured to gather gold and substance for you." And Agamemnon answered, "Fly if you will, I shall make you no prayers to stay you. I have others here who will do me honour, and above all Jove, the lord of counsel. There is no king here so hateful to me as you are, for you are ever quarrelsome and ill affected. What though you be brave? Was it not heaven that made you so? Go home, then, with your ships and comrades to lord it over the Myrmidons. I care neither for you nor for your anger; and thus will I do: since Phoebus Apollo is taking Chryseis from me, I shall send her with my ship and my followers, but I shall come to your tent and take your own prize Briseis, that you may learn how much stronger I am than you are, and that another may fear to set himself up as equal or comparable with me." The son of Peleus was furious, and his heart within his shaggy breast was divided whether to draw his sword, push the others aside, and kill the son of Atreus, or to restrain himself and check his anger. While he was thus in two minds, and was drawing his mighty sword from its scabbard, Minerva came down from heaven (for Juno had sent her in the love she bore to them both), and seized the son of Peleus by his yellow hair, visible to him alone, for of the others no man could see her. Achilles turned in amaze, and by the fire that flashed from her eyes at once knew that she was Minerva. "Why are you here," said he, "daughter of aegis-bearing Jove? To see the pride of Agamemnon, son of Atreus? Let me tell you- and it shall surely be- he shall pay for this insolence with his life." And Minerva said, "I come from heaven, if you will hear me, to bid you stay your anger. Juno has sent me, who cares for both of you alike. Cease, then, this brawling, and do not draw your sword; rail at him if you will, and your railing will not be vain, for I tell you- and it shall surely be- that you shall hereafter receive gifts three times as splendid by reason of this present insult. Hold, therefore, and obey." "Goddess," answered Achilles, "however angry a man may be, he must do as you two command him. This will be best, for the gods ever hear the prayers of him who has obeyed them." He stayed his hand on the silver hilt of his sword, and thrust it back into the scabbard as Minerva bade him. Then she went back to Olympus among the other gods, and to the house of aegis-bearing Jove. But the son of Peleus again began railing at the son of Atreus, for he was still in a rage. "Wine-bibber," he cried, "with the face of a dog and the heart of a hind, you never dare to go out with the host in fight, nor yet with our chosen men in ambuscade. You shun this as you do death itself. You had rather go round and rob his prizes from any man who contradicts you. You devour your people, for you are king over a feeble folk; otherwise, son of Atreus, henceforward you would insult no man. Therefore I say, and swear it with a great oath- nay, by this my sceptre which shalt sprout neither leaf nor shoot, nor bud anew from the day on which it left its parent stem upon the mountains- for the axe stripped it of leaf and bark, and now the sons of the Achaeans bear it as judges and guardians of the decrees of heaven- so surely and solemnly do I swear that hereafter they shall look fondly for Achilles and shall not find him. In the day of your distress, when your men fall dying by the murderous hand of Hector, you shall not know how to help them, and shall rend your heart with rage for the hour when you offered insult to the bravest of the Achaeans." With this the son of Peleus dashed his gold-bestudded sceptre on the ground and took his seat, while the son of Atreus was beginning fiercely from his place upon the other side. Then uprose smooth-tongued Nestor, the facile speaker of the Pylians, and the words fell from his lips sweeter than honey. Two generations of men born and bred in Pylos had passed away under his rule, and he was now reigning over the third. With all sincerity and goodwill, therefore, he addressed them thus:- "Of a truth," he said, "a great sorrow has befallen the Achaean land. Surely Priam with his sons would rejoice, and the Trojans be glad at heart if they could hear this quarrel between you two, who are so excellent in fight and counsel. I am older than either of you; therefore be guided by me. Moreover I have been the familiar friend of men even greater than you are, and they did not disregard my counsels. Never again can I behold such men as Pirithous and Dryas shepherd of his people, or as Caeneus, Exadius, godlike Polyphemus, and Theseus son of Aegeus, peer of the immortals. These were the mightiest men ever born upon this earth: mightiest were they, and when they fought the fiercest tribes of mountain savages they utterly overthrew them. I came from distant Pylos, and went about among them, for they would have me come, and I fought as it was in me to do. Not a man now living could withstand them, but they heard my words, and were persuaded by them. So be it also with yourselves, for this is the more excellent way. Therefore, Agamemnon, though you be strong, take not this girl away, for the sons of the Achaeans have already given her to Achilles; and you, Achilles, strive not further with the king, for no man who by the grace of Jove wields a sceptre has like honour with Agamemnon. You are strong, and have a goddess for your mother; but Agamemnon is stronger than you, for he has more people under him. Son of Atreus, check your anger, I implore you; end this quarrel with Achilles, who in the day of battle is a tower of strength to the Achaeans." And Agamemnon answered, "Sir, all that you have said is true, but this fellow must needs become our lord and master: he must be lord of all, king of all, and captain of all, and this shall hardly be. Granted that the gods have made him a great warrior, have they also given him the right to speak with railing?" Achilles interrupted him. "I should be a mean coward," he cried, "were I to give in to you in all things. Order other people about, not me, for I shall obey no longer. Furthermore I say- and lay my saying to your heart- I shall fight neither you nor any man about this girl, for those that take were those also that gave. But of all else that is at my ship you shall carry away nothing by force. Try, that others may see; if you do, my spear shall be reddened with your blood." When they had quarrelled thus angrily, they rose, and broke up the assembly at the ships of the Achaeans. The son of Peleus went back to his tents and ships with the son of Menoetius and his company, while Agamemnon drew a vessel into the water and chose a crew of twenty oarsmen. He escorted Chryseis on board and sent moreover a hecatomb for the god. And Ulysses went as captain. These, then, went on board and sailed their ways over the sea. But the son of Atreus bade the people purify themselves; so they purified themselves and cast their filth into the sea. Then they offered hecatombs of bulls and goats without blemish on the sea-shore, and the smoke with the savour of their sacrifice rose curling up towards heaven. Thus did they busy themselves throughout the host. But Agamemnon did not forget the threat that he had made Achilles, and called his trusty messengers and squires Talthybius and Eurybates. "Go," said he, "to the tent of Achilles, son of Peleus; take Briseis by the hand and bring her hither; if he will not give her I shall come with others and take her- which will press him harder." He charged them straightly further and dismissed them, whereon they went their way sorrowfully by the seaside, till they came to the tents and ships of the Myrmidons. They found Achilles sitting by his tent and his ships, and ill-pleased he was when he beheld them. They stood fearfully and reverently before him, and never a word did they speak, but he knew them and said, "Welcome, heralds, messengers of gods and men; draw near; my quarrel is not with you but with Agamemnon who has sent you for the girl Briseis. Therefore, Patroclus, bring her and give her to them, but let them be witnesses by the blessed gods, by mortal men, and by the fierceness of Agamemnon's anger, that if ever again there be need of me to save the people from ruin, they shall seek and they shall not find. Agamemnon is mad with rage and knows not how to look before and after that the Achaeans may fight by their ships in safety." Patroclus did as his dear comrade had bidden him. He brought Briseis from the tent and gave her over to the heralds, who took her with them to the ships of the Achaeans- and the woman was loth to go. Then Achilles went all alone by the side of the hoar sea, weeping and looking out upon the boundless waste of waters. He raised his hands in prayer to his immortal mother, "Mother," he cried, "you bore me doomed to live but for a little season; surely Jove, who thunders from Olympus, might have made that little glorious. It is not so. Agamemnon, son of Atreus, has done me dishonour, and has robbed me of my prize by force." As he spoke he wept aloud, and his mother heard him where she was sitting in the depths of the sea hard by the old man her father. Forthwith she rose as it were a grey mist out of the waves, sat down before him as he stood weeping, caressed him with her hand, and said, "My son, why are you weeping? What is it that grieves you? Keep it not from me, but tell me, that we may know it together." Achilles drew a deep sigh and said, "You know it; why tell you what you know well already? We went to Thebe the strong city of Eetion, sacked it, and brought hither the spoil. The sons of the Achaeans shared it duly among themselves, and chose lovely Chryseis as the meed of Agamemnon; but Chryses, priest of Apollo, came to the ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter, and brought with him a great ransom: moreover he bore in his hand the sceptre of Apollo, wreathed with a suppliant's wreath, and he besought the Achaeans, but most of all the two sons of Atreus who were their chiefs. "On this the rest of the Achaeans with one voice were for respecting the priest and taking the ransom that he offered; but not so Agamemnon, who spoke fiercely to him and sent him roughly away. So he went back in anger, and Apollo, who loved him dearly, heard his prayer. Then the god sent a deadly dart upon the Argives, and the people died thick on one another, for the arrows went everywhither among the wide host of the Achaeans. At last a seer in the fulness of his knowledge declared to us the oracles of Apollo, and I was myself first to say that we should appease him. Whereon the son of Atreus rose in anger, and threatened that which he has since done. The Achaeans are now taking the girl in a ship to Chryse, and sending gifts of sacrifice to the god; but the heralds have just taken from my tent the daughter of Briseus, whom the Achaeans had awarded to myself. "Help your brave son, therefore, if you are able. Go to Olympus, and if you have ever done him service in word or deed, implore the aid of Jove. Ofttimes in my father's house have I heard you glory in that you alone of the immortals saved the son of Saturn from ruin, when the others, with Juno, Neptune, and Pallas Minerva would have put him in bonds. It was you, goddess, who delivered him by calling to Olympus the hundred-handed monster whom gods call Briareus, but men Aegaeon, for he is stronger even than his father; when therefore he took his seat all-glorious beside the son of Saturn, the other gods were afraid, and did not bind him. Go, then, to him, remind him of all this, clasp his knees, and bid him give succour to the Trojans. Let the Achaeans be hemmed in at the sterns of their ships, and perish on the sea-shore, that they may reap what joy they may of their king, and that Agamemnon may rue his blindness in offering insult to the foremost of the Achaeans." Thetis wept and answered, "My son, woe is me that I should have borne or suckled you. Would indeed that you had lived your span free from all sorrow at your ships, for it is all too brief; alas, that you should be at once short of life and long of sorrow above your peers: woe, therefore, was the hour in which I bore you; nevertheless I will go to the snowy heights of Olympus, and tell this tale to Jove, if he will hear our prayer: meanwhile stay where you are with your ships, nurse your anger against the Achaeans, and hold aloof from fight. For Jove went yesterday to Oceanus, to a feast among the Ethiopians, and the other gods went with him. He will return to Olympus twelve days hence; I will then go to his mansion paved with bronze and will beseech him; nor do I doubt that I shall be able to persuade him." On this she left him, still furious at the loss of her that had been taken from him. Meanwhile Ulysses reached Chryse with the hecatomb. When they had come inside the harbour they furled the sails and laid them in the ship's hold; they slackened the forestays, lowered the mast into its place, and rowed the ship to the place where they would have her lie; there they cast out their mooring-stones and made fast the hawsers. They then got out upon the sea-shore and landed the hecatomb for Apollo; Chryseis also left the ship, and Ulysses led her to the altar to deliver her into the hands of her father. "Chryses," said he, "King Agamemnon has sent me to bring you back your child, and to offer sacrifice to Apollo on behalf of the Danaans, that we may propitiate the god, who has now brought sorrow upon the Argives." So saying he gave the girl over to her father, who received her gladly, and they ranged the holy hecatomb all orderly round the altar of the god. They washed their hands and took up the barley-meal to sprinkle over the victims, while Chryses lifted up his hands and prayed aloud on their behalf. "Hear me," he cried, "O god of the silver bow, that protectest Chryse and holy Cilla, and rulest Tenedos with thy might. Even as thou didst hear me aforetime when I prayed, and didst press hardly upon the Achaeans, so hear me yet again, and stay this fearful pestilence from the Danaans." Thus did he pray, and Apollo heard his prayer. When they had done praying and sprinkling the barley-meal, they drew back the heads of the victims and killed and flayed them. They cut out the thigh-bones, wrapped them round in two layers of fat, set some pieces of raw meat on the top of them, and then Chryses laid them on the wood fire and poured wine over them, while the young men stood near him with five-pronged spits in their hands. When the thigh-bones were burned and they had tasted the inward meats, they cut the rest up small, put the pieces upon the spits, roasted them till they were done, and drew them off: then, when they had finished their work and the feast was ready, they ate it, and every man had his full share, so that all were satisfied. As soon as they had had enough to eat and drink, pages filled the mixing-bowl with wine and water and handed it round, after giving every man his drink-offering. Thus all day long the young men worshipped the god with song, hymning him and chaunting the joyous paean, and the god took pleasure in their voices; but when the sun went down, and it came on dark, they laid themselves down to sleep by the stern cables of the ship, and when the child of morning, rosy-fingered Dawn, appeared they again set sail for the host of the Achaeans. Apollo sent them a fair wind, so they raised their mast and hoisted their white sails aloft. As the sail bellied with the wind the ship flew through the deep blue water, and the foam hissed against her bows as she sped onward. When they reached the wide-stretching host of the Achaeans, they drew the vessel ashore, high and dry upon the sands, set her strong props beneath her, and went their ways to their own tents and ships. But Achilles abode at his ships and nursed his anger. He went not to the honourable assembly, and sallied not forth to fight, but gnawed at his own heart, pining for battle and the war-cry. Now after twelve days the immortal gods came back in a body to Olympus, and Jove led the way. Thetis was not unmindful of the charge her son had laid upon her, so she rose from under the sea and went through great heaven with early morning to Olympus, where she found the mighty son of Saturn sitting all alone upon its topmost ridges. She sat herself down before him, and with her left hand seized his knees, while with her right she caught him under the chin, and besought him, saying- "Father Jove, if I ever did you service in word or deed among the immortals, hear my prayer, and do honour to my son, whose life is to be cut short so early. King Agamemnon has dishonoured him by taking his prize and keeping her. Honour him then yourself, Olympian lord of counsel, and grant victory to the Trojans, till the Achaeans give my son his due and load him with riches in requital." Jove sat for a while silent, and without a word, but Thetis still kept firm hold of his knees, and besought him a second time. "Incline your head," said she, "and promise me surely, or else deny me- for you have nothing to fear- that I may learn how greatly you disdain me." At this Jove was much troubled and answered, "I shall have trouble if you set me quarrelling with Juno, for she will provoke me with her taunting speeches; even now she is always railing at me before the other gods and accusing me of giving aid to the Trojans. Go back now, lest she should find out. I will consider the matter, and will bring it about as wish. See, I incline my head that you believe me. This is the most solemn that I can give to any god. I never recall my word, or deceive, or fail to do what I say, when I have nodded my head." As he spoke the son of Saturn bowed his dark brows, and the ambrosial locks swayed on his immortal head, till vast Olympus reeled. When the pair had thus laid their plans, they parted- Jove to his house, while the goddess quitted the splendour of Olympus, and plunged into the depths of the sea. The gods rose from their seats, before the coming of their sire. Not one of them dared to remain sitting, but all stood up as he came among them. There, then, he took his seat. But Juno, when she saw him, knew that he and the old merman's daughter, silver-footed Thetis, had been hatching mischief, so she at once began to upbraid him. "Trickster," she cried, "which of the gods have you been taking into your counsels now? You are always settling matters in secret behind my back, and have never yet told me, if you could help it, one word of your intentions." "Juno," replied the sire of gods and men, "you must not expect to be informed of all my counsels. You are my wife, but you would find it hard to understand them. When it is proper for you to hear, there is no one, god or man, who will be told sooner, but when I mean to keep a matter to myself, you must not pry nor ask questions." "Dread son of Saturn," answered Juno, "what are you talking about? I? Pry and ask questions? Never. I let you have your own way in everything. Still, I have a strong misgiving that the old merman's daughter Thetis has been talking you over, for she was with you and had hold of your knees this self-same morning. I believe, therefore, that you have been promising her to give glory to Achilles, and to kill much people at the ships of the Achaeans." "Wife," said Jove, "I can do nothing but you suspect me and find it out. You will take nothing by it, for I shall only dislike you the more, and it will go harder with you. Granted that it is as you say; I mean to have it so; sit down and hold your tongue as I bid you for if I once begin to lay my hands about you, though all heaven were on your side it would profit you nothing." On this Juno was frightened, so she curbed her stubborn will and sat down in silence. But the heavenly beings were disquieted throughout the house of Jove, till the cunning workman Vulcan began to try and pacify his mother Juno. "It will be intolerable," said he, "if you two fall to wrangling and setting heaven in an uproar about a pack of mortals. If such ill counsels are to prevail, we shall have no pleasure at our banquet. Let me then advise my mother- and she must herself know that it will be better- to make friends with my dear father Jove, lest he again scold her and disturb our feast. If the Olympian Thunderer wants to hurl us all from our seats, he can do so, for he is far the strongest, so give him fair words, and he will then soon be in a good humour with us." As he spoke, he took a double cup of nectar, and placed it in his mother's hand. "Cheer up, my dear mother," said he, "and make the best of it. I love you dearly, and should be very sorry to see you get a thrashing; however grieved I might be, I could not help for there is no standing against Jove. Once before when I was trying to help you, he caught me by the foot and flung me from the heavenly threshold. All day long from morn till eve, was I falling, till at sunset I came to ground in the island of Lemnos, and there I lay, with very little life left in me, till the Sintians came and tended me." Juno smiled at this, and as she smiled she took the cup from her son's hands. Then Vulcan drew sweet nectar from the mixing-bowl, and served it round among the gods, going from left to right; and the blessed gods laughed out a loud applause as they saw him ing bustling about the heavenly mansion. Thus through the livelong day to the going down of the sun they feasted, and every one had his full share, so that all were satisfied. Apollo struck his lyre, and the Muses lifted up their sweet voices, calling and answering one another. But when the sun's glorious light had faded, they went home to bed, each in his own abode, which lame Vulcan with his consummate skill had fashioned for them. So Jove, the Olympian Lord of Thunder, hied him to the bed in which he always slept; and when he had got on to it he went to sleep, with Juno of the golden throne by his side. Now the other gods and the armed warriors on the plain slept soundly, but Jove was wakeful, for he was thinking how to do honour to Achilles, and destroyed much people at the ships of the Achaeans. In the end he deemed it would be best to send a lying dream to King Agamemnon; so he called one to him and said to it, "Lying Dream, go to the ships of the Achaeans, into the tent of Agamemnon, and say to him word to word as I now bid you. Tell him to get the Achaeans instantly under arms, for he shall take Troy. There are no longer divided counsels among the gods; Juno has brought them to her own mind, and woe betides the Trojans." The dream went when it had heard its message, and soon reached the ships of the Achaeans. It sought Agamemnon son of Atreus and found him in his tent, wrapped in a profound slumber. It hovered over his head in the likeness of Nestor, son of Neleus, whom Agamemnon honoured above all his councillors, and said:- "You are sleeping, son of Atreus; one who has the welfare of his host and so much other care upon his shoulders should dock his sleep. Hear me at once, for I come as a messenger from Jove, who, though he be not near, yet takes thought for you and pities you. He bids you get the Achaeans instantly under arms, for you shall take Troy. There are no longer divided counsels among the gods; Juno has brought them over to her own mind, and woe betides the Trojans at the hands of Jove. Remember this, and when you wake see that it does not escape you." The dream then left him, and he thought of things that were, surely not to be accomplished. He thought that on that same day he was to take the city of Priam, but he little knew what was in the mind of Jove, who had many another hard-fought fight in store alike for Danaans and Trojans. Then presently he woke, with the divine message still ringing in his ears; so he sat upright, and put on his soft shirt so fair and new, and over this his heavy cloak. He bound his sandals on to his comely feet, and slung his silver-studded sword about his shoulders; then he took the imperishable staff of his father, and sallied forth to the ships of the Achaeans. The goddess Dawn now wended her way to vast Olympus that she might herald day to Jove and to the other immortals, and Agamemnon sent the criers round to call the people in assembly; so they called them and the people gathered thereon. But first he summoned a meeting of the elders at the ship of Nestor king of Pylos, and when they were assembled he laid a cunning counsel before them. "My friends," said he, "I have had a dream from heaven in the dead of night, and its face and figure resembled none but Nestor's. It hovered over my head and said, 'You are sleeping, son of Atreus; one who has the welfare of his host and so much other care upon his shoulders should dock his sleep. Hear me at once, for I am a messenger from Jove, who, though he be not near, yet takes thought for you and pities you. He bids you get the Achaeans instantly under arms, for you shall take Troy. There are no longer divided counsels among the gods; Juno has brought them over to her own mind, and woe betides the Trojans at the hands of Jove. Remember this.' The dream then vanished and I awoke. Let us now, therefore, arm the sons of the Achaeans. But it will be well that I should first sound them, and to this end I will tell them to fly with their ships; but do you others go about among the host and prevent their doing so." He then sat down, and Nestor the prince of Pylos with all sincerity and goodwill addressed them thus: "My friends," said he, "princes and councillors of the Argives, if any other man of the Achaeans had told us of this dream we should have declared it false, and would have had nothing to do with it. But he who has seen it is the foremost man among us; we must therefore set about getting the people under arms." With this he led the way from the assembly, and the other sceptred kings rose with him in obedience to the word of Agamemnon; but the people pressed forward to hear. They swarmed like bees that sally from some hollow cave and flit in countless throng among the spring flowers, bunched in knots and clusters; even so did the mighty multitude pour from ships and tents to the assembly, and range themselves upon the wide-watered shore, while among them ran Wildfire Rumour, messenger of Jove, urging them ever to the fore. Thus they gathered in a pell-mell of mad confusion, and the earth groaned under the tramp of men as the people sought their places. Nine heralds went crying about among them to stay their tumult and bid them listen to the kings, till at last they were got into their several places and ceased their clamour. Then King Agamemnon rose, holding his sceptre. This was the work of Vulcan, who gave it to Jove the son of Saturn. Jove gave it to Mercury, slayer of Argus, guide and guardian. King Mercury gave it to Pelops, the mighty charioteer, and Pelops to Atreus, shepherd of his people. Atreus, when he died, left it to Thyestes, rich in flocks, and Thyestes in his turn left it to be borne by Agamemnon, that he might be lord of all Argos and of the isles. Leaning, then, on his sceptre, he addressed the Argives. "My friends," he said, "heroes, servants of Mars, the hand of heaven has been laid heavily upon me. Cruel Jove gave me his solemn promise that I should sack the city of Priam before returning, but he has played me false, and is now bidding me go ingloriously back to Argos with the loss of much people. Such is the will of Jove, who has laid many a proud city in the dust, as he will yet lay others, for his power is above all. It will be a sorry tale hereafter that an Achaean host, at once so great and valiant, battled in vain against men fewer in number than themselves; but as yet the end is not in sight. Think that the Achaeans and Trojans have sworn to a solemn covenant, and that they have each been numbered- the Trojans by the roll of their householders, and we by companies of ten; think further that each of our companies desired to have a Trojan householder to pour out their wine; we are so greatly more in number that full many a company would have to go without its cup-bearer. But they have in the town allies from other places, and it is these that hinder me from being able to sack the rich city of Ilius. Nine of Jove years are gone; the timbers of our ships have rotted; their tackling is sound no longer. Our wives and little ones at home look anxiously for our coming, but the work that we came hither to do has not been done. Now, therefore, let us all do as I say: let us sail back to our own land, for we shall not take Troy." With these words he moved the hearts of the multitude, so many of them as knew not the cunning counsel of Agamemnon. They surged to and fro like the waves of the Icarian Sea, when the east and south winds break from heaven's clouds to lash them; or as when the west wind sweeps over a field of corn and the ears bow beneath the blast, even so were they swayed as they flew with loud cries towards the ships, and the dust from under their feet rose heavenward. They cheered each other on to draw the ships into the sea; they cleared the channels in front of them; they began taking away the stays from underneath them, and the welkin rang with their glad cries, so eager were they to return. Then surely the Argives would have returned after a fashion that was not fated. But Juno said to Minerva, "Alas, daughter of aegis-bearing Jove, unweariable, shall the Argives fly home to their own land over the broad sea, and leave Priam and the Trojans the glory of still keeping Helen, for whose sake so many of the Achaeans have died at Troy, far from their homes? Go about at once among the host, and speak fairly to them, man by man, that they draw not their ships into the sea." Minerva was not slack to do her bidding. Down she darted from the topmost summits of Olympus, and in a moment she was at the ships of the Achaeans. There she found Ulysses, peer of Jove in counsel, standing alone. He had not as yet laid a hand upon his ship, for he was grieved and sorry; so she went close up to him and said, "Ulysses, noble son of Laertes, are you going to fling yourselves into your ships and be off home to your own land in this way? Will you leave Priam and the Trojans the glory of still keeping Helen, for whose sake so many of the Achaeans have died at Troy, far from their homes? Go about at once among the host, and speak fairly to them, man by man, that they draw not their ships into the sea." Ulysses knew the voice as that of the goddess: he flung his cloak from him and set off to run. His servant Eurybates, a man of Ithaca, who waited on him, took charge of the cloak, whereon Ulysses went straight up to Agamemnon and received from him his ancestral, imperishable staff. With this he went about among the ships of the Achaeans. Whenever he met a king or chieftain, he stood by him and spoke him fairly. "Sir," said he, "this flight is cowardly and unworthy. Stand to your post, and bid your people also keep their places. You do not yet know the full mind of Agamemnon; he was sounding us, and ere long will visit the Achaeans with his displeasure. We were not all of us at the council to hear what he then said; see to it lest he be angry and do us a mischief; for the pride of kings is great, and the hand of Jove is with them." But when he came across any common man who was making a noise, he struck him with his staff and rebuked him, saying, "Sirrah, hold your peace, and listen to better men than yourself. You are a coward and no soldier; you are nobody either in fight or council; we cannot all be kings; it is not well that there should be many masters; one man must be supreme- one king to whom the son of scheming Saturn has given the sceptre of sovereignty over you all." Thus masterfully did he go about among the host, and the people hurried back to the council from their tents and ships with a sound as the thunder of surf when it comes crashing down upon the shore, and all the sea is in an uproar. The rest now took their seats and kept to their own several places, but Thersites still went on wagging his unbridled tongue- a man of many words, and those unseemly; a monger of sedition, a railer against all who were in authority, who cared not what he said, so that he might set the Achaeans in a laugh. He was the ugliest man of all those that came before Troy- bandy-legged, lame of one foot, with his two shoulders rounded and hunched over his chest. His head ran up to a point, but there was little hair on the top of it. Achilles and Ulysses hated him worst of all, for it was with them that he was most wont to wrangle; now, however, with a shrill squeaky voice he began heaping his abuse on Agamemnon. The Achaeans were angry and disgusted, yet none the less he kept on brawling and bawling at the son of Atreus. "Agamemnon," he cried, "what ails you now, and what more do you want? Your tents are filled with bronze and with fair women, for whenever we take a town we give you the pick of them. Would you have yet more gold, which some Trojan is to give you as a ransom for his son, when I or another Achaean has taken him prisoner? or is it some young girl to hide and lie with? It is not well that you, the ruler of the Achaeans, should bring them into such misery. Weakling cowards, women rather than men, let us sail home, and leave this fellow here at Troy to stew in his own meeds of honour, and discover whether we were of any service to him or no. Achilles is a much better man than he is, and see how he has treated him- robbing him of his prize and keeping it himself. Achilles takes it meekly and shows no fight; if he did, son of Atreus, you would never again insult him." Thus railed Thersites, but Ulysses at once went up to him and rebuked him sternly. "Check your glib tongue, Thersites," said be, "and babble not a word further. Chide not with princes when you have none to back you. There is no viler creature come before Troy with the sons of Atreus. Drop this chatter about kings, and neither revile them nor keep harping about going home. We do not yet know how things are going to be, nor whether the Achaeans are to return with good success or evil. How dare you gibe at Agamemnon because the Danaans have awarded him so many prizes? I tell you, therefore- and it shall surely be- that if I again catch you talking such nonsense, I will either forfeit my own head and be no more called father of Telemachus, or I will take you, strip you stark naked, and whip you out of the assembly till you go blubbering back to the ships." On this he beat him with his staff about the back and shoulders till he dropped and fell a-weeping. The golden sceptre raised a bloody weal on his back, so he sat down frightened and in pain, looking foolish as he wiped the tears from his eyes. The people were sorry for him, yet they laughed heartily, and one would turn to his neighbour saying, "Ulysses has done many a good thing ere now in fight and council, but he never did the Argives a better turn than when he stopped this fellow's mouth from prating further. He will give the kings no more of his insolence." Thus said the people. Then Ulysses rose, sceptre in hand, and Minerva in the likeness of a herald bade the people be still, that those who were far off might hear him and consider his council. He therefore with all sincerity and goodwill addressed them thus:- "King Agamemnon, the Achaeans are for making you a by-word among all mankind. They forget the promise they made you when they set out from Argos, that you should not return till you had sacked the town of Troy, and, like children or widowed women, they murmur and would set off homeward. True it is that they have had toil enough to be disheartened. A man chafes at having to stay away from his wife even for a single month, when he is on shipboard, at the mercy of wind and sea, but it is now nine long years that we have been kept here; I cannot, therefore, blame the Achaeans if they turn restive; still we shall be shamed if we go home empty after so long a stay- therefore, my friends, be patient yet a little longer that we may learn whether the prophesyings of Calchas were false or true. "All who have not since perished must remember as though it were yesterday or the day before, how the ships of the Achaeans were detained in Aulis when we were on our way hither to make war on Priam and the Trojans. We were ranged round about a fountain offering hecatombs to the gods upon their holy altars, and there was a fine plane-tree from beneath which there welled a stream of pure water. Then we saw a prodigy; for Jove sent a fearful serpent out of the ground, with blood-red stains upon its back, and it darted from under the altar on to the plane-tree. Now there was a brood of young sparrows, quite small, upon the topmost bough, peeping out from under the leaves, eight in all, and their mother that hatched them made nine. The serpent ate the poor cheeping things, while the old bird flew about lamenting her little ones; but the serpent threw his coils about her and caught her by the wing as she was screaming. Then, when he had eaten both the sparrow and her young, the god who had sent him made him become a sign; for the son of scheming Saturn turned him into stone, and we stood there wondering at that which had come to pass. Seeing, then, that such a fearful portent had broken in upon our hecatombs, Calchas forthwith declared to us the oracles of heaven. 'Why, Achaeans,' said he, 'are you thus speechless? Jove has sent us this sign, long in coming, and long ere it be fulfilled, though its fame shall last for ever. As the serpent ate the eight fledglings and the sparrow that hatched them, which makes nine, so shall we fight nine years at Troy, but in the tenth shall take the town.' This was what he said, and now it is all coming true. Stay here, therefore, all of you, till we take the city of Priam." On this the Argives raised a shout, till the ships rang again with the uproar. Nestor, knight of Gerene, then addressed them. "Shame on you," he cried, "to stay talking here like children, when you should fight like men. Where are our covenants now, and where the oaths that we have taken? Shall our counsels be flung into the fire, with our drink-offerings and the right hands of fellowship wherein we have put our trust? We waste our time in words, and for all our talking here shall be no further forward. Stand, therefore, son of Atreus, by your own steadfast purpose; lead the Argives on to battle, and leave this handful of men to rot, who scheme, and scheme in vain, to get back to Argos ere they have learned whether Jove be true or a liar. For the mighty son of Saturn surely promised that we should succeed, when we Argives set sail to bring death and destruction upon the Trojans. He showed us favourable signs by flashing his lightning on our right hands; therefore let none make haste to go till he has first lain with the wife of some Trojan, and avenged the toil and sorrow that he has suffered for the sake of Helen. Nevertheless, if any man is in such haste to be at home again, let him lay his hand to his ship that he may meet his doom in the sight of all. But, O king, consider and give ear to my counsel, for the word that I say may not be neglected lightly. Divide your men, Agamemnon, into their several tribes and clans, that clans and tribes may stand by and help one another. If you do this, and if the Achaeans obey you, you will find out who, both chiefs and peoples, are brave, and who are cowards; for they will vie against the other. Thus you shall also learn whether it is through the counsel of heaven or the cowardice of man that you shall fail to take the town." And Agamemnon answered, "Nestor, you have again outdone the sons of the Achaeans in counsel. Would, by Father Jove, Minerva, and Apollo, that I had among them ten more such councillors, for the city of King Priam would then soon fall beneath our hands, and we should sack it. But the son of Saturn afflicts me with bootless wranglings and strife. Achilles and I are quarrelling about this girl, in which matter I was the first to offend; if we can be of one mind again, the Trojans will not stave off destruction for a day. Now, therefore, get your morning meal, that our hosts join in fight. Whet well your spears; see well to the ordering of your shields; give good feeds to your horses, and look your chariots carefully over, that we may do battle the livelong day; for we shall have no rest, not for a moment, till night falls to part us. The bands that bear your shields shall be wet with the sweat upon your shoulders, your hands shall weary upon your spears, your horses shall steam in front of your chariots, and if I see any man shirking the fight, or trying to keep out of it at the ships, there shall be no help for him, but he shall be a prey to dogs and vultures." Thus he spoke, and the Achaeans roared applause. As when the waves run high before the blast of the south wind and break on some lofty headland, dashing against it and buffeting it without ceasing, as the storms from every quarter drive them, even so did the Achaeans rise and hurry in all directions to their ships. There they lighted their fires at their tents and got dinner, offering sacrifice every man to one or other of the gods, and praying each one of them that he might live to come out of the fight. Agamemnon, king of men, sacrificed a fat five-year-old bull to the mighty son of Saturn, and invited the princes and elders of his host. First he asked Nestor and King Idomeneus, then the two Ajaxes and the son of Tydeus, and sixthly Ulysses, peer of gods in counsel; but Menelaus came of his own accord, for he knew how busy his brother then was. They stood round the bull with the barley-meal in their hands, and Agamemnon prayed, saying, "Jove, most glorious, supreme, that dwellest in heaven, and ridest upon the storm-cloud, grant that the sun may not go down, nor the night fall, till the palace of Priam is laid low, and its gates are consumed with fire. Grant that my sword may pierce the shirt of Hector about his heart, and that full many of his comrades may bite the dust as they fall dying round him." Thus he prayed, but the son of Saturn would not fulfil his prayer. He accepted the sacrifice, yet none the less increased their toil continually. When they had done praying and sprinkling the barley-meal upon the victim, they drew back its head, killed it, and then flayed it. They cut out the thigh-bones, wrapped them round in two layers of fat, and set pieces of raw meat on the top of them. These they burned upon the split logs of firewood, but they spitted the inward meats, and held them in the flames to cook. When the thigh-bones were burned, and they had tasted the inward meats, they cut the rest up small, put the pieces upon spits, roasted them till they were done, and drew them off; then, when they had finished their work and the feast was ready, they ate it, and every man had his full share, so that all were satisfied. As soon as they had had enough to eat and drink, Nestor, knight of Gerene, began to speak. "King Agamemnon," said he, "let us not stay talking here, nor be slack in the work that heaven has put into our hands. Let the heralds summon the people to gather at their several ships; we will then go about among the host, that we may begin fighting at once." Thus did he speak, and Agamemnon heeded his words. He at once sent the criers round to call the people in assembly. So they called them, and the people gathered thereon. The chiefs about the son of Atreus chose their men and marshalled them, while Minerva went among them holding her priceless aegis that knows neither age nor death. From it there waved a hundred tassels of pure gold, all deftly woven, and each one of them worth a hundred oxen. With this she darted furiously everywhere among the hosts of the Achaeans, urging them forward, and putting courage into the heart of each, so that he might fight and do battle without ceasing. Thus war became sweeter in their eyes even than returning home in their ships. As when some great forest fire is raging upon a mountain top and its light is seen afar, even so as they marched the gleam of their armour flashed up into the firmament of heaven. They were like great flocks of geese, or cranes, or swans on the plain about the waters of Cayster, that wing their way hither and thither, glorying in the pride of flight, and crying as they settle till the fen is alive with their screaming. Even thus did their tribes pour from ships and tents on to the plain of the Scamander, and the ground rang as brass under the feet of men and horses. They stood as thick upon the flower-bespangled field as leaves that bloom in summer. As countless swarms of flies buzz around a herdsman's homestead in the time of spring when the pails are drenched with milk, even so did the Achaeans swarm on to the plain to charge the Trojans and destroy them. The chiefs disposed their men this way and that before the fight began, drafting them out as easily as goatherds draft their flocks when they have got mixed while feeding; and among them went King Agamemnon, with a head and face like Jove the lord of thunder, a waist like Mars, and a chest like that of Neptune. As some great bull that lords it over the herds upon the plain, even so did Jove make the son of Atreus stand peerless among the multitude of heroes. And now, O Muses, dwellers in the mansions of Olympus, tell me- for you are goddesses and are in all places so that you see all things, while we know nothing but by report- who were the chiefs and princes of the Danaans? As for the common soldiers, they were so that I could not name every single one of them though I had ten tongues, and though my voice failed not and my heart were of bronze within me, unless you, O Olympian Muses, daughters of aegis-bearing Jove, were to recount them to me. Nevertheless, I will tell the captains of the ships and all the fleet together. Peneleos, Leitus, Arcesilaus, Prothoenor, and Clonius were captains of the Boeotians. These were they that dwelt in Hyria and rocky Aulis, and who held Schoenus, Scolus, and the highlands of Eteonus, with Thespeia, Graia, and the fair city of Mycalessus. They also held Harma, Eilesium, and Erythrae; and they had Eleon, Hyle, and Peteon; Ocalea and the strong fortress of Medeon; Copae, Eutresis, and Thisbe the haunt of doves; Coronea, and the pastures of Haliartus; Plataea and Glisas; the fortress of Thebes the less; holy Onchestus with its famous grove of Neptune; Arne rich in vineyards; Midea, sacred Nisa, and Anthedon upon the sea. From these there came fifty ships, and in each there were a hundred and twenty young men of the Boeotians. Ascalaphus and Ialmenus, sons of Mars, led the people that dwelt in Aspledon and Orchomenus the realm of Minyas. Astyoche a noble maiden bore them in the house of Actor son of Azeus; for she had gone with Mars secretly into an upper chamber, and he had lain with her. With these there came thirty ships. The Phoceans were led by Schedius and Epistrophus, sons of mighty Iphitus the son of Naubolus. These were they that held Cyparissus, rocky Pytho, holy Crisa, Daulis, and Panopeus; they also that dwelt in Anemorea and Hyampolis, and about the waters of the river Cephissus, and Lilaea by the springs of the Cephissus; with their chieftains came forty ships, and they marshalled the forces of the Phoceans, which were stationed next to the Boeotians, on their left. Ajax, the fleet son of Oileus, commanded the Locrians. He was not so great, nor nearly so great, as Ajax the son of Telamon. He was a little man, and his breastplate was made of linen, but in use of the spear he excelled all the Hellenes and the Achaeans. These dwelt in Cynus, Opous, Calliarus, Bessa, Scarphe, fair Augeae, Tarphe, and Thronium about the river Boagrius. With him there came forty ships of the Locrians who dwell beyond Euboea. The fierce Abantes held Euboea with its cities, Chalcis, Eretria, Histiaea rich in vines, Cerinthus upon the sea, and the rock-perched town of Dium; with them were also the men of Carystus and Styra; Elephenor of the race of Mars was in command of these; he was son of Chalcodon, and chief over all the Abantes. With him they came, fleet of foot and wearing their hair long behind, brave warriors, who would ever strive to tear open the corslets of their foes with their long ashen spears. Of these there came fifty ships. And they that held the strong city of Athens, the people of great Erechtheus, who was born of the soil itself, but Jove's daughter, Minerva, fostered him, and established him at Athens in her own rich sanctuary. There, year by year, the Athenian youths worship him with sacrifices of bulls and rams. These were commanded by Menestheus, son of Peteos. No man living could equal him in the marshalling of chariots and foot soldiers. Nestor could alone rival him, for he was older. With him there came fifty ships. Ajax brought twelve ships from Salamis, and stationed them alongside those of the Athenians. The men of Argos, again, and those who held the walls of Tiryns, with Hermione, and Asine upon the gulf; Troezene, Eionae, and the vineyard lands of Epidaurus; the Achaean youths, moreover, who came from Aegina and Mases; these were led by Diomed of the loud battle-cry, and Sthenelus son of famed Capaneus. With them in command was Euryalus, son of king Mecisteus, son of Talaus; but Diomed was chief over them all. With these there came eighty ships. Those who held the strong city of Mycenae, rich Corinth and Cleonae; Orneae, Araethyrea, and Licyon, where Adrastus reigned of old; Hyperesia, high Gonoessa, and Pellene; Aegium and all the coast-land round about Helice; these sent a hundred ships under the command of King Agamemnon, son of Atreus. His force was far both finest and most numerous, and in their midst was the king himself, all glorious in his armour of gleaming bronze- foremost among the heroes, for he was the greatest king, and had most men under him. And those that dwelt in Lacedaemon, lying low among the hills, Pharis, Sparta, with Messe the haunt of doves; Bryseae, Augeae, Amyclae, and Helos upon the sea; Laas, moreover, and Oetylus; these were led by Menelaus of the loud battle-cry, brother to Agamemnon, and of them there were sixty ships, drawn up apart from the others. Among them went Menelaus himself, strong in zeal, urging his men to fight; for he longed to avenge the toil and sorrow that he had suffered for the sake of Helen. The men of Pylos and Arene, and Thryum where is the ford of the river Alpheus; strong Aipy, Cyparisseis, and Amphigenea; Pteleum, Helos, and Dorium, where the Muses met Thamyris, and stilled his minstrelsy for ever. He was returning from Oechalia, where Eurytus lived and reigned, and boasted that he would surpass even the Muses, daughters of aegis-bearing Jove, if they should sing against him; whereon they were angry, and maimed him. They robbed him of his divine power of song, and thenceforth he could strike the lyre no more. These were commanded by Nestor, knight of Gerene, and with him there came ninety ships. And those that held Arcadia, under the high mountain of Cyllene, near the tomb of Aepytus, where the people fight hand to hand; the men of Pheneus also, and Orchomenus rich in flocks; of Rhipae, Stratie, and bleak Enispe; of Tegea and fair Mantinea; of Stymphelus and Parrhasia; of these King Agapenor son of Ancaeus was commander, and they had sixty ships. Many Arcadians, good soldiers, came in each one of them, but Agamemnon found them the ships in which to cross the sea, for they were not a people that occupied their business upon the waters. The men, moreover, of Buprasium and of Elis, so much of it as is enclosed between Hyrmine, Myrsinus upon the sea-shore, the rock Olene and Alesium. These had four leaders, and each of them had ten ships, with many Epeans on board. Their captains were Amphimachus and Thalpius- the one, son of Cteatus, and the other, of Eurytus- both of the race of Actor. The two others were Diores, son of Amarynces, and Polyxenus, son of King Agasthenes, son of Augeas. And those of Dulichium with the sacred Echinean islands, who dwelt beyond the sea off Elis; these were led by Meges, peer of Mars, and the son of valiant Phyleus, dear to Jove, who quarrelled with his father, and went to settle in Dulichium. With him there came forty ships. Ulysses led the brave Cephallenians, who held Ithaca, Neritum with its forests, Crocylea, rugged Aegilips, Samos and Zacynthus, with the mainland also that was over against the islands. These were led by Ulysses, peer of Jove in counsel, and with him there came twelve ships. Thoas, son of Andraemon, commanded the Aetolians, who dwelt in Pleuron, Olenus, Pylene, Chalcis by the sea, and rocky Calydon, for the great king Oeneus had now no sons living, and was himself dead, as was also golden-haired Meleager, who had been set over the Aetolians to be their king. And with Thoas there came forty ships. The famous spearsman Idomeneus led the Cretans, who held Cnossus, and the well-walled city of Gortys; Lyctus also, Miletus and Lycastus that lies upon the chalk; the populous towns of Phaestus and Rhytium, with the other peoples that dwelt in the hundred cities of Crete. All these were led by Idomeneus, and by Meriones, peer of murderous Mars. And with these there came eighty ships. Tlepolemus, son of Hercules, a man both brave and large of stature, brought nine ships of lordly warriors from Rhodes. These dwelt in Rhodes which is divided among the three cities of Lindus, Ielysus, and Cameirus, that lies upon the chalk. These were commanded by Tlepolemus, son of Hercules by Astyochea, whom he had carried off from Ephyra, on the river Selleis, after sacking many cities of valiant warriors. When Tlepolemus grew up, he killed his father's uncle Licymnius, who had been a famous warrior in his time, but was then grown old. On this he built himself a fleet, gathered a great following, and fled beyond the sea, for he was menaced by the other sons and grandsons of Hercules. After a voyage. during which he suffered great hardship, he came to Rhodes, where the people divided into three communities, according to their tribes, and were dearly loved by Jove, the lord, of gods and men; wherefore the son of Saturn showered down great riches upon them. And Nireus brought three ships from Syme- Nireus, who was the handsomest man that came up under Ilius of all the Danaans after the son of Peleus- but he was a man of no substance, and had but a small following. And those that held Nisyrus, Crapathus, and Casus, with Cos, the city of Eurypylus,
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